Láseres de átomos?
Keywords:
Óptica Atómica, condensación de Bose-Einstein (es)Downloads
Se describen desarrollos recientes en Óptica Atómica, en particular la condensación de Bose-Einstein (BEC) y los modelos propuestos para la obtención de un haz coherente de átomos o "láser de átomos". La obtención experimental de un nuevo estado de la materia. El condensado de Bose-Einstein por el grupo de JILA-NIST, El año pasado en Boulder con átomos de 87 Rb, es uno es uno de los aportes mas relevantes hechos a la física en 1995 (sino el mas relevante de ellos). Los grupos teóricos a su vez prupusieron diversos modelos para el láser de átomos, si bien su realización experimental no parece inmediata. Las propiedades de tal dispositivo deben ser en principio diferentes a las del condensado, puesto que el láser se obtiene en un estado de no equilibrio mediante manipulación externa, en tanto que el condensado es un estado de equilibrio de un gas de bosones.
Recent developments on atomic optics are described: the Base-Einstein Condensation (BEC) and some theoretical models for generation of a coherent atomic beam or “Atom Laser”. The experimental realization of a new state of matter, a BEC' of 87 Rb a toms. Was a chieved by the JILA-NIST group al Boulder the last year. With out any doubt, this was one of the more (maybe the most) relevant contribution to the d evelopment of physics in 1995. The theoreticians on their turn proposed several models for the atom laser, although experimental realizations seem not to be expected in the near future.
The properties of an atom laser must be different from those of the BEC, since the laser is a driven system in a non-equilibrium state, whereas the BEC cor resp onds to an equilibrium state for a bosonic gas.
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