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Promising potential of the antifungal action of essential oils and its challenges: a systematic review
Potencial prometedor de la acción antifúngica de los aceites esenciales y sus desafíos: una revisión sistemática
Potencial promissor da ação antifúngica dos óleos essenciais e seus desafios: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v54n2.116449Palabras clave:
Volatile oil, Phytochemical compounds, Antifungal Agent (en)Aceite volátil, Compuestos fitoquímicos, Agente antifúngico (es)
Óleo volátil, Compostos fitoquímicos, Agente antifúngico (pt)
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Introduction: Fungal infections have increased, especially in immunocompromised patients, while therapeutic options have decreased due to resistance to available antifungals. The World Health Organization (WHO) warns of the urgent need for new therapies. In this context, essential oils (EOs) have been the subject of study to find new treatments. Objective: A systematic review was carried out to investigate the antifungal activity of EOs according to the Cochrane Handbook guidelines (2023). The search, selection and extraction of data of interest were carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) in articles selected in biomedical databases (Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Virtual Health Library, ScienceDirect and Online Electronic Scientific Library - SciELO). The descriptors used were defined by Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) and Descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS). Results: Of the 419 articles initially found, 35 were included in the review. Most studies (54.2%) were conducted in Brazil, investigating mainly aromatic plants such as lemongrass, oregano, and citronella. Although EOs have shown antifungal activity in some studies, research has revealed a lack of standardization in testing methods and a paucity of studies for certain pathogens. However, some EOs have shown significant potential against Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., and dermatophytes. Conclusion: There is a growing interest in investigating EOs as therapeutic alternatives against resistant fungal infections. However, more research is needed, especially to explore less studied plants to identify promising new antifungal agents.
Introducción: Las infecciones por hongos han aumentado, especialmente en pacientes inmunocomprometidos, mientras que las opciones terapéuticas han disminuido debido a la resistencia a los antifúngicos disponibles. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) advierte de la urgente necesidad de nuevas terapias. En este contexto, los aceites esenciales (AEs) han sido objeto de estudio para encontrar nuevos tratamientos. Objetivo: Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática para investigar la actividad antifúngica de los AEs según las directrices del Manual Cochrane (2023). La búsqueda, selección y extracción de datos de interés se realizaron de acuerdo con el Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) en artículos seleccionados en bases de datos biomédicas (Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Science Direct y Biblioteca Científica Electrónica en Línea - SciELO). Los descriptores utilizados fueron definidos por Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) y Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS). Resultados: De los 419 artículos encontrados inicialmente, 35 fueron incluidos en la revisión. La mayoría de los estudios (54,2%) se realizaron en Brasil, investigando principalmente plantas aromáticas, como limoncillo, orégano y citronela. Aunque los AEs han demostrado actividad antifúngica en algunos estudios, las investigaciones han revelado una falta de estandarización en los métodos de prueba y una escasez de estudios para ciertos patógenos. Sin embargo, algunos AEs han mostrado un potencial significativo contra Candida spp., Aspergillus spp. y dermatofitos. Conclusión: Existe un interés creciente en investigar los AE como alternativas terapéuticas contra las infecciones fúngicas resistentes. Sin embargo, se necesita más investigación, especialmente para explorar plantas menos estudiadas e identificar nuevos agentes antifúngicos prometedores.
Introdução: As infecções fúngicas aumentaram, especialmente em pacientes imunocomprometidos, enquanto as opções terapêuticas diminuíram devido à resistência aos antifúngicos disponíveis. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) alerta para a necessidade urgente de novas terapias. Nesse contexto, os óleos essenciais (OEs) têm sido objeto de estudo para encontrar novos tratamentos. Objetivo: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática para investigar a atividade antifúngica de OEs de acordo com as diretrizes do Cochrane Handbook (2023). A busca, seleção e extração dos dados de interesse foram realizadas de acordo com o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) em artigos selecionados em bases de dados biomédicas (Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Science Direct e Online Electronic Scientific Library - SciELO). Os descritores utilizados foram definidos pelo Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) e Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS). Resultados: Dos 419 artigos encontrados inicialmente, 35 foram incluídos na revisão. A maioria dos estudos (54,2%) foi conduzida no Brasil, investigando principalmente plantas aromáticas, como capim-limão, orégano e citronela. Embora os OEs tenham demonstrado atividade antifúngica em alguns estudos, a pesquisa revelou uma falta de padronização nos métodos de teste e uma escassez de estudos para certos patógenos. No entanto, alguns OEs mostraram potencial significativo contra Candida spp., Aspergillus spp. e dermatófitos. Conclusão: Há um interesse crescente em investigar EOs como alternativas terapêuticas contra infecções fúngicas resistentes. No entanto, mais pesquisas são necessárias, especialmente para explorar plantas menos estudadas para identificar novos agentes antifúngicos promissores.
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