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Annulment and amelioration of cadmium toxicity through dietary countermeasures
Anulación y mejora de la toxicidad del cadmio mediante medidas dietéticas
Anulação e melhora da toxicidade do cádmio por meio de medidas dietéticas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v54n3.122701Palabras clave:
Cadmium toxicity, dietary herb, Enhydra fluctuans, detoxification (en)Toxicidad por cadmio, hierba dietética, Enhydra fluctuans, desintoxicación (es)
Toxicidade por cádmio, erva dietética, Enhydra fluctuans, desintoxicação (pt)
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Background: Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental toxin that penetrates most parts of the environment and causes significant health hazards when it accumulates in the human body. Chronic Cd exposure, particularly in individuals with metabolic disorders like diabetes, leads to oxidative stress, inflammation, and organ damage. Purpose: This study aimed to establish whether dietary herbs, present in the polluted regions, can neutralize and reverse Cd-induced toxicity. Methodology: Main focus to assess the efficiency of the herbs in reducing Cd toxicity and enhancing biological health indices. Enhydra fluctuans (Lour) is the dietary herb used. Using 20 rats of either sex exposed to Cd and then treated with selected edible herbs known for their detoxifying properties, a controlled laboratory experiment was conducted. Compared to controls, the treated groups' Cd levels significantly decreased, and the related harmful effects improved. Results: E. fluctuans-treatment group showed significant decreases in blood glucose levels and normalization of liver enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin). Kidney function tests showed improvement in serum creatinine, BUN, uric acid, and urine protein levels. Histological studies confirmed preserved cellular architecture of the liver, kidney, and pancreas. Conclusion: E. fluctuans presents potent antidiabetic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effects to help ameliorate systemic toxicity from Cd exposure. Contribution: The finding of the study supports the potential of E. fluctuans as an affordable, natural dietary response to heavy metal contamination, especially in environmentally exposed and metabolically compromised and metabolic stress, as well as providing meaningful contributions to the specific area of herbal toxicology and public health nutrition.
Antecedentes: El cadmio (Cd) es una toxina ambiental que penetra en la mayor parte del medio ambiente y causa importantes riesgos para la salud al acumularse en el cuerpo humano. La exposición crónica al Cd, especialmente en personas con trastornos metabólicos como la diabetes, provoca estrés oxidativo, inflamación y daño orgánico. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar si las hierbas dietéticas presentes en regiones contaminadas pueden neutralizar y revertir la toxicidad inducida por Cd. Metodología: El objetivo principal fue evaluar la eficacia de las hierbas para reducir la toxicidad del Cd y mejorar los indicadores de salud biológica. La hierba dietética utilizada fue Enhydra fluctuans (Lour). Se realizó un experimento de laboratorio controlado con 20 ratas de ambos sexos expuestas al Cd y posteriormente tratadas con hierbas comestibles seleccionadas conocidas por sus propiedades desintoxicantes. En comparación con los controles, los niveles de Cd de los grupos tratados disminuyeron significativamente y los efectos nocivos relacionados mejoraron. Resultados: El grupo tratado con E. fluctuans mostró una disminución significativa de los niveles de glucosa en sangre y la normalización de las enzimas hepáticas (AST, ALT, ALP, bilirrubina). Las pruebas de función renal mostraron una mejoría en los niveles de creatinina sérica, nitrógeno ureico en sangre (BUN), ácido úrico y proteínas en orina. Los estudios histológicos confirmaron la conservación de la arquitectura celular del hígado, el riñón y el páncreas. Conclusión: E. fluctuans presenta potentes efectos antidiabéticos, antioxidantes, hepatoprotectores y nefroprotectores que ayudan a mejorar la toxicidad sistémica por exposición al Cd. Contribución: Los hallazgos del estudio respaldan el potencial de E. fluctuans como una respuesta dietética natural y asequible a la contaminación por metales pesados, especialmente en personas con exposición ambiental y metabolismo comprometido, así como en personas con estrés metabólico, además de realizar contribuciones significativas al área específica de la toxicología herbaria y la nutrición en salud pública.
Contexto: O cádmio (Cd) é uma toxina ambiental que penetra na maior parte do ambiente e causa riscos significativos à saúde quando se acumula no corpo humano. A exposição crônica ao Cd, particularmente em indivíduos com distúrbios metabólicos como diabetes, leva ao estresse oxidativo, inflamação e danos aos órgãos. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo estabelecer se as ervas dietéticas, presentes em regiões poluídas, podem neutralizar e reverter a toxicidade induzida pelo Cd. Metodologia: O foco principal foi avaliar a eficiência das ervas na redução da toxicidade do Cd e na melhoria dos índices biológicos de saúde. Enhydra fluctuans (Lour) é a erva dietética utilizada. Utilizando 20 ratos de ambos os sexos expostos ao Cd e posteriormente tratados com ervas comestíveis selecionadas, conhecidas por suas propriedades desintoxicantes, foi conduzido um experimento controlado em laboratório. Em comparação com os controles, os níveis de Cd dos grupos tratados diminuíram significativamente e os efeitos nocivos relacionados diminuíram. Resultados: O grupo tratado com E. fluctuans apresentou reduções significativas nos níveis de glicemia e normalização das enzimas hepáticas (AST, ALT, ALP, bilirrubina). Os testes de função renal mostraram melhora nos níveis séricos de creatinina, ureia, ácido úrico e proteína na urina. Estudos histológicos confirmaram a preservação da arquitetura celular do fígado, rins e pâncreas. Conclusão: E. fluctuans apresenta potentes efeitos antidiabéticos, antioxidantes, hepatoprotetores e nefroprotetores para ajudar a amenizar a toxicidade sistêmica da exposição ao Cd. Contribuição: Os achados do estudo corroboram o potencial de E. fluctuans como uma resposta dietética natural e acessível à contaminação por metais pesados, especialmente em indivíduos expostos ao ambiente e com comprometimento metabólico, além de fornecer contribuições significativas para a área específica de toxicologia de ervas e nutrição em saúde pública.
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