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Comparative safety and clinical outcomes of dapagliflozin and empagliflozin among Iraqi patients with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective observational study
Seguridad comparativa y resultados clínicos de dapagliflozina y empagliflozina en pacientes iraquíes con diabetes tipo 2: un estudio observacional retrospectivo
Seguridad comparativa y resultados clínicos de dapagliflozina y empagliflozina en pacientes iraquíes con diabetes tipo 2: un estudio observacional retrospectivo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v55n3.127863Palabras clave:
Type 2 diabetes, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, SGLT2 inhibitors, retrospective study, safety (en)Diabetes tipo 2, dapagliflozina, empagliflozina, inhibidores de SGLT2, estudio retrospectivo, seguridad (es)
Diabetes tipo 2, dapagliflozina, empagliflozina, inibidores de SGLT2, estudo retrospectivo, segurança (pt)
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Objective: To compare one-year clinical changes and documented safety outcomes in Iraqi adults with type 2 diabetes treated with dapagliflozin or empagliflozin. Methodology: This retrospective observational study included 110 patients: 62 receiving dapagliflozin and 48 receiving empagliflozin. Available baseline variables, concomitant glucose-lowering therapy, HbA1c, serum creatinine, eGFR, weight, blood pressure, ejection fraction, and recorded safety events were analyzed. Multivariable models and IPTW sensitivity analysis were used to reduce measured confounding. Results: The groups differed at baseline in sex distribution, hypothyroidism, and systolic blood pressure. After adjustment, weight change was the only clinical outcome that differed significantly; empagliflozin was associated with less weight reduction than dapagliflozin. Other clinical changes and safety outcomes did not show conclusive treatment-group differences. Conclusion: These findings should be interpreted as adjusted real-world associations rather than definitive comparative efficacy or safety evidence.
Objetivo: Comparar los cambios clínicos a un año y los eventos de seguridad documentados en adultos iraquíes con diabetes tipo 2 tratados con dapagliflozina o empagliflozina. Metodología: Este estudio observacional retrospectivo incluyó 110 pacientes: 62 recibieron dapagliflozina y 48 recibieron empagliflozina. Se analizaron las variables basales disponibles, el tratamiento hipoglucemiante concomitante, HbA1c, creatinina sérica, eGFR, peso, presión arterial, fracción de eyección y los eventos de seguridad registrados. Se utilizaron modelos multivariables y análisis de sensibilidad mediante IPTW para reducir la confusión medida. Resultados: Los grupos difirieron al inicio en la distribución por sexo, hipotiroidismo y presión arterial sistólica. Después del ajuste, el cambio de peso fue el único desenlace clínico que difirió significativamente; la empagliflozina se asoció con una menor reducción de peso que la dapagliflozina. Otros cambios clínicos y desenlaces de seguridad no mostraron diferencias concluyentes entre los grupos de tratamiento. Conclusión: Estos hallazgos deben interpretarse como asociaciones ajustadas de la práctica real, y no como evidencia definitiva de eficacia o seguridad comparativa.
Objetivo: Comparar los cambios clínicos a un año y los eventos de seguridad documentados en adultos iraquíes con diabetes tipo 2 tratados con dapagliflozina o empagliflozina. Metodología: Este estudio observacional retrospectivo incluyó 110 pacientes: 62 recibieron dapagliflozina y 48 recibieron empagliflozina. Se analizaron las variables basales disponibles, el tratamiento hipoglucemiante concomitante, HbA1c, creatinina sérica, eGFR, peso, presión arterial, fracción de eyección y los eventos de seguridad registrados. Se utilizaron modelos multivariables y análisis de sensibilidad mediante IPTW para reducir la confusión medida. Resultados: Los grupos difirieron al inicio en la distribución por sexo, hipotiroidismo y presión arterial sistólica. Después del ajuste, el cambio de peso fue el único desenlace clínico que difirió significativamente; la empagliflozina se asoció con una menor reducción de peso que la dapagliflozina. Otros cambios clínicos y desenlaces de seguridad no mostraron diferencias concluyentes entre los grupos de tratamiento. Conclusión: Estos hallazgos deben interpretarse como asociaciones ajustadas de la práctica real, y no como evidencia definitiva de eficacia o seguridad comparativa.
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