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Potenciales candidatos antimaláricos y antiplasmodiales de origen natural y sintético
Potential antiplasmodial and antimalarial agents of natural and synthetic origin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v47n3.77371Palabras clave:
malaria, Plasmodium, antimalárico, quimioterapia, resistencia (es)Malaria, Plasmodium, antimalarial, chemotherapy, resistance (en)
La malaria es la enfermedad parasitaria más grave y extendida que enfrenta la humanidad, debido a su prevalencia, virulencia y al desarrollo de cepas resistentes a los medicamentos de uso común como la cloroquina. La falta de nuevos medicamentos asequibles son los factores limitantes en la lucha contra la malaria, por lo que hay una necesidad continua de investigación para nuevas clases de agentes antimaláricos. Una generación de moléculas activas contra Plasmodium basadas en el mecanismo de biocristalización del grupo hemo o en procesos metabólicos que ocurren en el parásito con los medicamentos de uso actual están siendo sintetizados y actualmente se encuentran en procesos de estudios in vitro, in vivo y estudios clínicos fase I y fase II. Esta revisión realiza una clasificación de los nuevos antimaláricos potenciales y sus modos de acción reportados en las últimas dos décadas con el fin de proporcionar una mirada al progreso significativo en el desarrollo de nuevos medicamentos antimaláricos.
Malaria is the most serious and widespread parasitic disease facing humanity, due to its prevalence, virulence and the development of strains resistant to commonly used drugs such as chloroquine. The lack of affordable new drugs are the limiting factors in the fight against malaria, so there is a continuing need for research for new classes of antimalarial agents. A generation of active molecules against Plasmodium based on the mechanism of biocrystallization of the heme group and / or on metabolic processes that occur in the parasite with the medicines of current use are being synthesized and are currently in processes of in vitro, in vivo and phase I and phase II clinical studies. This review makes a classification of the new potential antimalarial and their possible modes of action reported in the last two decades in order to provide a look at the most significant progress in the development of new antimalarial drugs.
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