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EGFR and HER2 small molecules inhibitors as potential therapeutics in veterinary oncology
Inhibidores EGFR y HER2 como tratamientos potenciales en oncología veterinaria
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v49n2.89898Keywords:
Human cancer, veterinary cancer, EGFR, HER2, inhibitor (en)Cáncer humano, cáncer en veterinaria, EGFR, HER2, inhibidores (es)
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EGFR and HER2 receptors are crucial signaling molecules tyrosine kinase involved in human cancer. Aberrant signaling is associated with a variety of cancers, frequently with poor prognosis. Currently, EGFR and HER2 receptors are being targeted by small molecules, which offer a huge benefit to those patients afflicted by aggressive forms of cancer, improving their prognosis. Both human and canine cancers share molecular, biological, histopathological and clinical similarities, including EGFR and HER2 expression in some forms of cancer. However, despite the use of one tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved to treat canine mastocytoma, canine cancers overexpressed EGFR and HER2 do not yet have targeted therapy, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Targeting EGFR and HER2 receptors in canine cancers using comparative approaches in human cancer could lead to better outcomes.
El receptor de factor de crecimiento epidérmico (Epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR) y el receptor 2 del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (HER2 epidermal growth factor receptor 2) son moléculas señalizadoras cruciales pertenecientes a la familia de proteínas tirosina quinasa involucradas en el cáncer en humanos. La señalización aberrante de dichos receptores se encuentra asociada con una variedad de tumores, frecuentemente asociados a mal pronóstico. Actualmente, EGFR y HER2 son tratados específicamente a través de pequeñas moléculas inhibidoras, las cuales ofrecen un gran beneficio a aquellos pacientes que padecen formas agresivas de cáncer, y de esta manera su pronóstico mejora. Tanto el cáncer en medicina humana como veterinaria comparte similitudes moleculares, biológicas, histopatológicas y clínicas, las cuales incluyen la expresión tanto de EGFR y HER2 en algunas formas de cáncer. Sin embrago, a pesar del uso de un inhibidor tirosina quinasa aprobado para el manejo del mastocitoma canino los tumores que se caracterizan por la sobreexpresión de EGFR y HER2 aún no cuentan con un inhibidor específico, lo cual conduce a alta morbilidad y mortalidad.
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