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Metabolitos secundarios aislados de especies de la familia Myristicaceae que producen inhibición enzimática
Secondary metabolites of species of the Myristicaceae family that produce enzymatic inhibition
Metabólitos secundários isolados de espécies da família Myristicaceae que produzem inibição enzimática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v50n2.97916Palabras clave:
Myristicaceae, actividad enzimática, compuestos fenólicos (es)Myristicaceae, atividade enzimática, compostos fenólicos (pt)
Myristicaceae, enzymatic activity, phenolic compounds (en)
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Introducción: Diferentes especies de la familia Myristicaceae han sido utilizadas con fines medicinales, nutricionales e industriales, mostrando así la importancia y potencial de la familia en diversos campos. El uso medicinal ha sido primordial por diferentes comunidades indígenas y ha venido en aumento como alternativa al tratamiento de enfermedades, por lo cual la investigación se está concentrando en la medicina herbaria y plantas medicinales, siendo este el primer paso para el desarrollo e innovación de fármacos. Entre los tipos de fármacos se destacan los inhibidores enzimáticos, que actúan regulando procesos metabólicos o atacando patógenos. Objetivos: Recopilar información de la herboristería de la familia Myristicaceae que incluya aspectos de fitoquímica, etnobotánica, usos industriales, actividad biológica y determinar posibles metabolitos secundarios que producen inhibición enzimática y actividad biológica. Metodología: La búsqueda de información se realizó con artículos científicos, libros especializados y tesis de grado. Resultados y conclusiones: Se encontró que compuestos fenólicos de tipo: acilfenol, lignano, neolignano, flavonoide, alquenilfenol, tocotrienol y ácido fenólico producen inhibición enzimática. Los compuestos fenólicos identificados en especies de la familia Myristicaceae son una fuente promisoria de metabolitos que producen inhibición enzimática. Siendo los metabolitos de tipo lignanos los que presentaron mayor número de estudios de inhibición enzimática. La información analizada puede servir de base para el desarrollo de investigaciones de relación estructura actividad y/o acoplamiento molecular entre metabolitos secundarios y enzimas inhibidas, con especies de la familia Myristicaceae.
Introduction: Different species of the Myristicaceae family have been used for medicinal, nutritional and industrial purposes, showing the importance and potential of the family in various fields. Medicinal use has been primordial for different indigenous communities and has been increasing as an alternative for the treatment of diseases, for which research is concentrating on herbal medicine and medicinal plants, being this the first step for the development and innovation of pharmaceuticals. Among the types of drugs, enzymatic inhibitors, which act by regulating metabolic processes or attacking pathogens, stand out. Objectives: To gather information on the herbalism of the Myristicaceae family including aspects of phytochemistry, ethnobotany, industrial uses, biological activity and to determine possible secondary metabolites that produce enzymatic inhibition and biological activity. Methodology: The search for information was carried out using scientific articles, specialized books and degree theses. Results and conclusions: Phenolic compounds of type: acylphenol, lignan, neolignan, flavonoid, alkenylphenol, tocotrienol and phenolic acid were found to produce enzymatic inhibition. Phenolic compounds identified in species of the Myristicaceae family are a promising source of metabolites that produce enzymatic inhibition. Lignan-type metabolites were the ones that presented the greatest number of enzymatic inhibition studies. The information analyzed can serve as a basis for the development of research on the structure-activity relationship and/or molecular coupling between secondary metabolites and inhibited enzymes, with species of the Myristicaceae family.
Introdução: Diferentes espécies da família Myristicaceae têm sido utilizadas para fins medicinais, nutricionais e industriais, mostrando a importância e o potencial da família em vários campos. O uso medicinal tem sido de suma importância para diferentes comunidades indígenas e tem aumentado como alternativa para o tratamento de doenças, razão pela qual a pesquisa está se concentrando na medicina herbal e plantas medicinais, sendo este o primeiro passo para o desenvolvimento e inovação de produtos farmacêuticos. Entre os tipos de drogas estão os inibidores enzimáticos, que atuam regulando processos metabólicos ou atacando patógenos. Objetivos: Compilar informações sobre o herbalismo da família Myristicaceae, incluindo aspectos de fitoquímica, etnobotânica, usos industriais, atividade biológica e determinar possíveis metabolitos secundários que produzem inibição enzimática e atividade biológica. Metodologia: A busca de informações foi realizada utilizando artigos científicos, livros especializados e teses de graduação. Resultados e conclusões: Foram encontrados compostos fenólicos como: acylphenol, lignan, neolignan, flavonoid, alkenylphenol, tocotrienol e ácido fenólico para produzir inibição enzimática. Os compostos fenólicos identificados em espécies da família Myristicaceae são uma fonte promissora de metabólitos que produzem inibição enzimática. Os metabólitos do tipo lignano mostraram o maior número de estudos de inibição enzimática. As informações analisadas podem servir como base para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas sobre a relação estrutura-atividade e/ou acoplamento molecular entre metabolitos secundários e enzimas inibidas, com espécies da família Myristicaceae.
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