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Assessing the phenotypic variation, heritability and genetic advance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) candidate lines grown under rainfed semi-arid region of Algeria
Evaluación de la variación fenotípica, la heredabilidad y el avance genético en líneas candidatas de trigo harinero (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivadas en una región semiárida de secano de Argelia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100638Keywords:
Drought , Genetic correlation, Genetic determinism , Grain yield, Path analysis , Triticum aestivum (en)Sequía , Correlación genética , Determinismo genético , Rendimiento de grano , Análisis de ruta , Triticum aestivum (es)
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The genetic improvement of any breeding population largely depends upon the magnitude of genetic variability present. This study was carried out to estimate parameters of the genetic variation among 13 quantitative traits of bread wheat evaluated at INRAA-Setif institute (Algeria) during the 2020–2021 crop season in a rainfed environment. 34 genotypes including four control checks were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Genotypes showed significant variations for almost all the studied traits. Proline content, spikes weight, and grain yield exhibited a high genotypic coefficient of variation along with moderate to high heritability coupled with a high genetic gain, suggesting the implication of additive gene action. The number of spikes, spikes weight, and thousand kernel weight were significantly and positively correlated with grain yield at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis results showed that spikes weight is an important route through which most of the measured traits influenced indirectly grain yield. Lines L1, L20, L28, L16, and L18 exhibited a sizeable grain yield advantage, which suggests they are potential candidates for future release and could be incorporated into the wheat breeding programs as parents to improve yield in the rainfed environments of Algeria
La mejora genética de cualquier población reproductora depende en gran medida de la magnitud de la variabilidad genética presente. Este estudio se llevó a cabo para estimar parámetros de la variación genética entre 13 caracteres cuantitativos de trigo harinero evaluados en el instituto INRAASetif (Argelia) durante la temporada de cultivo 2020-2021 en ambiente de secano. 34 genotipos, incluidos cuatro testigos de control, se sembraron en un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Los genotipos mostraron variaciones significativas para casi todas las características estudiadas. El contenido de prolina, el peso de las espigas y el rendimiento de grano exhibieron un alto coeficiente de variación genotípico junto con una heredabilidad de moderada a alta junto con una alta ganancia genética, lo que sugiere la implicación de una acción génica aditiva. El número de espigas, el peso de las espigas y el peso de mil granos se correlacionaron significativa y positivamente con el rendimiento de grano tanto a nivel fenotípico como genotípico. Los resultados del análisis de ruta mostraron que el peso de las espigas resultó ser una ruta importante a través de la cual la mayoría de los rasgos medidos influyeron indirectamente en el rendimiento del grano. Las líneas L1, L20, L28, L16 y L18 exhibieron una ventaja considerable en el rendimiento de grano, lo que sugiere que son candidatas potenciales para lanzamientos futuros y podrían incorporarse en el programa de mejoramiento de trigo como progenitores para mejorar el rendimiento en ambientes de secano de Argelia.
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