Fruit quality and production of Vitis vinifera L. Chardonnay affected by partial defoliation in tropical highlands

Published

2015-07-01

Producción y calidad del fruto en Vitis vinifera L. Chardonnay afectados por la defoliación parcial en los altiplanos tropicales

Keywords:

cluster weight, berry weight, total soluble solids, maturity index (en)
peso del racimo, peso de la baya, sólidos solubles totales, índice de madurez (es)

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Authors

Jaime Ernesto Peña Olmos Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia - UPTC
Fánor Casierra Posada Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia - UPTC

Abstract (en)
Abstract (es)

Using a completely randomized design with two treatments (50% defoliation and a control without defoliation) and six replications per treatment, the fruit quality and production of grape plants subjected to early partial-defoliation in Villa de Leyva - Colombia were determined. Five-year-old Vitis vinifera L. 'Chardonnay' plants were used as the plant material, planted in a trellis system with distances of 2.1 x 1 m. The plants were partially defoliated biweekly, removing every other recently emerged leaf in each of the plants subjected to the defoliation treatment. 130 days after the start of the pruning, the number of harvested clusters was determined for each of the evaluated plants along with the number of berries per cluster, the fresh weight of the clusters, the average berry weight, the fruit pH and diameter, the total soluble solids (TSS), the total titratable acidity (TTA) and the fruit maturity index (MI). The average weights of the clusters and the berries were significantly higher in the plants subjected to a reduced foliar area. All of the fruit quality parameter values increased with defoliation with the exception of TTA, which was higher in the control plants. Therefore, it was concluded that partial-defoliation had a pronounced influence on the fruit quality and production of the 'Chardonnay' grapes.

Utilizando un diseño completamente aleatorizado, con dos tratamientos (defoliación al 50% y control sin defoliación) y seis repeticiones por tratamiento, se determinó la producción y la calidad del fruto en plantas de uva sometidas a defoliación parcial temprana en Villa de Leyva - Colombia. Como material vegetal se utilizaron plantas de Vitis vinifera L. 'Chardonnay' de cinco años de edad, sembradas en un sistema de espalderas a una distancia de 2,1 x 1 m. Quincenalmente, se realizó la defoliación parcial a las plantas, retirando una de cada dos hojas recién emergidas en cada una de las plantas sometidas al tratamiento de defoliación. 130 días después de la poda de inducción, se determinó el número de racimos cosechados en cada planta evaluada, el número de bayas por racimo, el peso fresco de los racimos y el peso promedio de la baya, el pH del fruto, su diámetro, el porcentaje de sólidos solubles total (SST), la acidez titulable total (ATT) y el índice de madurez del fruto (IM). El peso promedio del racimo y el peso promedio de la baya, fueron significativamente mayores en las plantas sometidas a la reducción del área foliar. El valor de todos los parámetros de calidad del fruto aumentó con la defoliación, excepto la ATT, la cual fue mayor en las plantas control. Con lo anterior, se pudo concluir que la defoliación parcial tuvo una marcada influencia sobre la producción y la calidad del fruto de uva 'Chardonnay'.

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