Published

2018-05-01

Estimates of parameters, prediction and selection of an oil palm population in Ecuador

Estimativas de parámetros, predicción y selección en progenies de palma aceitera en Ecuador

Keywords:

Elaeis guineensis Jacq, Genetic parameters, Blup, Clusters, Selection index (en)
Elaeis guineenses Jacq, Parámetros genéticos, Blup, Agrupamiento, Índice de selección (es)

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Authors

  • Digner Ortega Cedillo Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIAP
  • Carlos Felipe Barrera Universidad Nacional de Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5015-2956
  • Jorge Ortega Cedillo Técnico de cultivo de Palma. Independiente
  • Jorge Orellana Carrera Universidad Técnica Equinoccial
  • Marcos Deon Vilela de Resende Universidade Federal de Viçosa
  • Cosme Damião Cruz Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Was used the REML/BLUP method to estimate the genetic parameters, select the best plants of Dura x Dura full-sib families, study the trait correlations, group families by multivariate similarity and to determine the number of repeated measurements required for the selection of the traits (bunch number, fresh fruit bunch yield and average bunch weight). Twenty-four families developed in three trials were tested, together with one control per test from the genebank of the experimental station of Santo Domingo - INIAP in Ecuador. The evaluation lasted five years and was arranged in a randomized block design with 12 plants per plot and four replications. The population variability for traits and genetic heritability between plots was close to that found within plots. The genetic gain of the 10 selected plants, was 43% higher than the overall average. The correlation was low and negative only between bunch number and average bunch weight. By Tocher cluster analysis, six groups were formed, and in group IV, families selected by average ranking (3A, 5C, and 7B). It was concluded that the BLUP estimates are encouraging with a view to a continuous breeding program of oil palm, with the possibility of maximizing genetic gains in future generations. 

Fue empleado el método REML/BLUP para estimar los parámetros genéticos, y seleccionar los mejores individuos provenientes de una población de hermanos germanos de Dura x Dura, a partir de un análisis de correlación entre caracteres, realizando un agrupamiento de familias por disimilaridad multivariada y determinación del número de medidas repetidas necesarias para la selección de las características (número y peso medio de racimos). Fueron evaluadas 24 familias procedentes de tres ensayos del banco de germoplasma de la estación experimental Santo Domingo del INIAP en Ecuador. La evaluación fue realizada en un periodo de cinco años, empleando un diseño en bloques al azar, con doce plantas por parcela y cuatro repeticiones. La variabilidad de la población en relación a las características evaluadas y heredabilidad de individuos dentro del bloque, similar a la encontrada dentro de familias en las parcelas. La ganancia genética de las 10 plantas seleccionadas representa un 43% superior a la media general. La correlación fue baja y negativa para número de racimos y peso medio de racimos. Con base en el agrupamiento de Tocher se obtuvieron seis grupos, donde el grupo IV agrupa las familias seleccionadas por el Rank-medio multivariado (3A, 5C y 7B). Se puede concluir que las estimativas obtenidas por el BLUP, estimulan la continuidad del programa de mejoramiento genético de racimos, con posibilidad de maximizar las ganancias genéticas en generaciones futuras.

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