Stability of a colloidal suspension of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) intended for spray drying
Estabilidad de una suspensión colloidal de yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius) destinada al secado por aspersion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v72n2.75362Keywords:
Stability index, Particle size, Viscosity, Zeta potential (en)Índice de estabilidad, Tamaño de partícula, Viscosidad, Potencial zeta (es)
El yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius) es un tubérculo con alto contenido de compuestos activos que ofrecen beneficios para la salud, por ello, su cadena productiva busca alternativas para generar productos de yacón con valor agregado; sin embargo, este tiende a ser un producto perecedero debido a su alta aw, composición química y actividad enzimática. Se evaluó la influencia de dos factores, composición y homogenización, en la estabilidad de suspensiones coloidales a base de yacón, para un posterior uso en secado por aspersión. Se utilizó la metodología de superficie de respuesta y un diseño central compuesto, considerando tres variables independientes: tiempo de homogenización (TH) (4-6 min), goma xantana (XG) (0.1-0.2%) y acidez (0.1-0.3%). Las variables dependientes fueron: potencial zeta (ζ), color (CIELab), viscosidad (μ), índice de estabilidad por absorción espectral (R) y tamaño de partícula (D10, D50 y D90). Los valores de las variables independientes que mejor se ajustaron a los criterios de optimización experimental fueron: XG=0.16%, ácido=0.3% y TH=4.8 min. Las variables dependientes experimentales y las variables predichas por el modelo cuadrático fueron: ζ=-33.8±4.0 y -37.6 mV, µ=1143.0±93.4 y 1000cP, R=0.45±0.1 y 0.48, D10=127.8±8.2 y 138.1 µm, D50=251.2±16.3 y 267.7 µm, D90=424.3±28.7 mm y 463.9 µm, L*=41.7±1.4 y 41.8, a*=0.02±0.85 y 1.6 y b*=15.0±1.3 y 14.8, respectivamente. La suspensión coloidal presentó una estabilidad fisicoquímica adecuada, favorecida principalmente por las fuerzas repulsivas presentes, la homogenización y la reología de la fase continua; alcanzando un contenido total de sólidos del 12.5%.
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