Effects of the sludge application at different concentrations on growth and production of rice (Oryza sativa L.) using a water channel underneath soil surface

Published

2021-01-01

Efectos de la aplicación de lodos a diferentes concentraciones sobre el crecimiento y producción de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) utilizando un canal de agua establecido por debajo de la superficie del suelo

Keywords:

Rice, fertilizer, organic, inundation height, sludge., Aerobic, Anaerobic, Sludge, Water channel (en)
arroz, fertilizante, orgánico, altura de inundación, lodo, Aerobio, Anaerobio, Lodo , Arroz , Canal de agua (es)

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Authors

Arman Effendi Riau University https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1825-0097
Elza Zuhry Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8311-1416
Erlida Ariani Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8621-0986

Abstract (en)
Abstract (es)

Indonesia’s strategies are focus on improving food production using environmentally-friendly measures in its agricultural development. This research was designed in accordance with the national strategies on increasing the productivity of rice using efficient water while reducing methane emissions from rice fields. A low rice yield is obtained when the conventional anaerobic methods (flooded soil) are used. Additional to the water, sludge from palm oil factories was also applied. This research aimed to establish a proper concentration of sludge to increase the productivity of rice sown in aerobic condition with the water level at 5 cm below soil surface. The study was conducted by making experiments with 5 levels. Waste sludge from palm oil factories was applied on the soils tested with concentrations of 0 t ha^-1, 10 t ha^-1, 15 t ha^-1, 20 t ha^-1and 25 t ha^-1. Height of the plant, total number of tillers, number of productive tillers, number of filled grains, percentage of filled grains, weight of 1000 grains and weight of filled grain per plot were studied. Application of 25 t ha^-1organic sludge showed a high level of productivity increasing the total number of tillers, the number of productive tillers and weight of filled grain per plot.

Las estrategias de Indonesia para desarrollar su agricultura se centran en mejorar la producción utilizando medidas respetuosas con el medio ambiente. Esta investigación fue diseñada de acuerdo con las estrategias nacionales para incrementar la productividad del arroz y un uso eficiente del agua mientras se reducen las emisiones de metano de los cultivos de arroz. El bajo rendimiento de arroz en los campos que emplean métodos convencionales se debe al suelo inundado (anaerobio). Además del uso eficiente del agua, también se aplicaron lodos residuales de las fábricas de aceite de palma. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo establecer una concentración adecuada de lodos para aumentar la productividad del arroz cultivado en condición aeróbica con el nivel de agua a 5 cm por debajo de la superficie del suelo. Se realizaron experimentos con 5 niveles. Los tratamientos que se probaron involucraron aplicación de lodos residuales de fábricas de aceite de palma con concentraciones de 0 t ha^-1, 10 t ha^-1, 15 t ha^-1, 20 t ha^-1and 25 t ha^-1. Parámetros como la altura de la planta, número total de retoños, número de retoños productivos, número de granos llenos, porcentaje de granos llenos, peso de 1000 granos y peso de arroz molido seco fueron estudiados. La aplicación de 25 t ha^-1de lodos orgánicos mostró un alto nivel de productividad al incrementar el número total de retoños, el número de retoños productivos y el peso del arroz molido seco.

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