Bioclimatic performance of wet coffee processing facilities: conditions for workers and coffee
Desempeño bioclimático de instalaciones de procesamiento de café húmedo: condiciones para los trabajadores y el café
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.96247Keywords:
Computational simulation, Hygrothermal behavior , Post-harvest coffee, Thermal comfort , WBGT index (en)Simulación computacional, Ambiente higrotérmico , Poscosecha de café, Confort térmico, Índice WBGT (es)
This study aimed to evaluate the bioclimatic performance of three wet coffee processing facilities in Colombia, focused on the conditions for workers and coffee parchment, through computer simulation. In addition to temperature and relative humidity, the Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature index (WBGT) was simulated during the highest coffee production month. The proposed simulation model was able to predict hygrothermal behavior within the three coffee processing facilities. Case 3 presented the warmest environment, and case 2 the most humid environment concerning the appropriate conditions for the coffee and the worker. The WBGT index limit was exceeded in case 3. Since this type of facility emits large amounts of heat and steam, constructive modifications are suggested to improve the environmental conditions of workers and coffee. Mainly, the physical separation of the heat exchangers is recommended, which ideally should be outside the post-harvest facility. The steam produced in the drying process should be quickly evacuated with ventilation strategies. Additionally, the use of strategies that reduce the energy gain from solar radiation is suggested.
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el desempeño bioclimático de tres instalaciones de procesamiento húmedo de café en Colombia, enfocado en las condiciones para los trabajadores y el café pergamino, a través de simulación computacional. Además de la temperatura y la humedad relativa, se simuló el índice de temperatura del globo negro y bulbo húmedo (WBGT) durante el mes de mayor producción de café. El modelo de simulación propuesto pudo predecir el comportamiento higrotérmico dentro de las tres instalaciones de procesamiento de café. El caso 3 presentó el ambiente más cálido, y el caso 2 el ambiente más húmedo con respecto a las condiciones adecuadas para el café y el trabajador. En el caso 3 se superó el límite del índice WBGT. Dado que este tipo de instalaciones emite grandes cantidades de calor y vapor, se sugieren modificaciones constructivas para mejorar las condiciones ambientales de los trabajadores y el café. Principalmente, se recomienda la separación física de los intercambiadores de calor, que idealmente deberían estar fuera de la instalación de poscosecha. El vapor producido en el secado debe evacuarse rápidamente con estrategias de ventilación. Además, se sugiere el uso de estrategias que reduzcan la ganancia de energía de radiación solar.
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