Uso de perifiton en un sistema de policultivo en agro acuicultura integrada en la comunidad indígena de Jimaín (Colombia)
Periphyton-based polyculture in an integrated agri-aquaculture system at the indigenous community of Jimaín (Colombia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rfmvz.v67n3.93933Keywords:
Piaractus sp., piscicultura, Prochilodus magdalenae, recursos alimentarios, suplementos artesanales (es)Piaractus sp., fish culture, Prochilodus magdalenae, food resources, artisanal suplement (en)
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Los Sistemas de Agro Acuicultura Integrada (SAAI) han sido estudiados como opción
para la producción de pescado en comunidades con recursos limitados. Así mismo, el
uso de perifiton se ha convertido recientemente en una alternativa viable por el aporte
de alimento natural de bajo costo. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto del
perifiton sobre el desempeño productivo del policultivo Piaractus sp. (cachama híbrida)
y Prochilodus magdalenae (bocachico) en SAAI en la comunidad Indígena de Jimaín,
Colombia. Se sembraron 1,5 alevinos de cachama híbrida y 1,5 bocachicos/m2, con peso
promedio de 0,49 ± 0,14 g y 1,83 ±1,61 g respectivamente, en seis estaques en tierra de
90 m2
, tres de los cuales contaron con varas de madera (3 varas/m2) para la fijación de
perifiton. La duración del cultivo fue de 135 días. Los tratamientos (CS: con sustrato
y SS: sin sustratos) recibieron una dieta suplementaria dos veces al día, calculada como
porcentaje de la biomasa con ajuste quincenal. Se realizaron biometrías quincenales. Los
datos productivos por especie y para el policultivo se evaluaron mediante ANOVA con
un modelo lineal general (p < 0,05). Los datos de peso (g) y longitud estándar (cm) por
especie se evaluaron mediante un modelo mixto de medidas repetidas. No se encontraron
efectos del sustrato sobre los parámetros productivos analizados tanto para cada especie,
como para el policultivo. Se presentó interacción significativa para el peso del bocachico
el día 90 (CS: 74,7 y SS: 47,1). Según los resultados obtenidos, la utilización de perifiton
y el manejo en policultivo de especies nativas requiere más estudios.
Integrated agri-aquaculture systems (IAAS) have been studied as an option for fish
production in communities with limited resources. Likewise, the use of periphyton has
recently become a viable alternative for its contribution of low-cost natural food. The
effect of periphyton use on the productive yield of a hybrid cachama and bocachico
polyculture in IAAS, was studied in the Jimaín Indigenous community, Colombia. For
this experiment, 1.5 hybrid cachama and 1.5 bocachico fingerlings/m2 were stocked
with average weights of 0.49 ± 0.14 g and 1.83 ± 1.61 g, respectively, in six 90 m2 land
ponds; three of these ponds had wooden dowels (three dowels/m2) for periphyton fixation.
The growth evaluation lasted 135 days. The treatments (WS: with substrate and
WOS: without substrates) received a supplementary diet, adjusted as a percentage of the
biomass with biweekly adjustment, twice a day. Biometrics were performed every two
weeks. The productive data by species and for the polyculture were evaluated using an
ANOVA with a general linear model (p <0.05). Weight (g) and standard length (cm)
data by species were evaluated using a mixed model of repeated measures. No substrate
effects were found on the productive parameters analyzed for each species as well as for
the polyculture. A significant interaction was observed for bocachico weight on day 90
(WS: 74.7 and WOS: 47.1). According to the obtained results, optimizing the use of
periphyton and the management of native species polyculture requires further studies.
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1. Julian C Barreto-Montenegro, Luis F Collazos-Lasso. (2023). PERIFITON Y SUS APLICACIONES EN LA ACUICULTURA. Orinoquia, 27(1) https://doi.org/10.22579/20112629.793.
2. Julian Camilo Barreto-Montenegro, Laura Suarez-Contento, Natalia Álvarez-Perdomo, Luis Felipe Collazos-Lasso, Luis Alejandro Vinatea-Arana. (2025). Enhancing production of white cachama (Piaractus orinoquensis) in biofloc systems through the integration of periphyton substrates and polyculture with bocachico (Prochilodus mariae). Aquaculture International, 33(6) https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-025-02299-9.
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Copyright (c) 2020 J. C. Durán-Izquierdo, R. J. Mindiola-Romo, G. A. Wills-Franco, S. C. Pardo-Carrasco, A. P. Muñoz-Ramírez

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