About Grounding of Pole Transformers in the Distribution Network
Palabras clave:
Grounding system, Electrical safety, Touch voltage, Step voltage, Distribution electrical network, Pole transformer (es)Descargas
This paper addresses a specific issue of electrical safety created from electromagnetic coupling of the distribution systems to human beings through the transformers grounding system installed in the distribution network poles. Some conceptual shortcomings in the shared information for calculation of the grounding design current and the actual practices of some network operators, inspectors, auditors or electrical engineers are commented as they can conduct to not comply the requirements of IEEE Std 80 of controlling touch, step and transferred voltages.
Some simulations are done for various grounding configurations that consider one and two rods 2.4 m length and 0.016 m in diameter, with and without soil treatment. The results show that these grounding configurations do not meet touch and step voltages safety requirements. A new grounding configuration for pole transformer is proposed, that allows to control the touch and step dangerous voltages. The new solution validation is tested with simulations and real condition measurements of touch and step voltages.
Referencias
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, “IEEE Guide for safety in AC substation grounding”, IEEE Std 80, 2013.
National Fire Protection Association, “National Electrical Code”, NEC 2020.
International Electrotechnical Comission, “Effects of current on human beings and livestock - Part 1: General aspects”, IEC 60479-1, 2018.
International Electrotechnical Comission, “Short-circuit calculation in three-phase ac systems, Part 0: Calculation of currents”, IEC 60909-0, 2016.
International Electrotechnical Comission, “Short-circuit calculation in three-phase ac systems, Part 3: Currents during two separate simultaneous single phase line-to-earth short circuits and partial short-circuit currents flowing through earth”, IEC 60909-3, 2009.
Empresa Públicas de Medellín, “Puesta a tierra de redes de distribución eléctrica” Norma RA6-010, 2011.
H. Arenas, H. H. Arenas, “Implementación de modelos capacitivos para mejoras en la impedancia de los diseños de puesta a tierra”, Mundo Eléctrico, Vol 109, 2017.
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, “IEEE Guide for Measuring Earth Resistivity, Ground Impedance, and Earth Surface Potentials of a Grounding System”, IEEE Std 81, 2012.
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Derechos de autor 2023 Simposio Internacional sobre la Calidad de la Energía Eléctrica - SICEL

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.