Publicado

2025-12-11

Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía

Efecto de las condiciones ambientales y la presencia de patógenos sobre la germinación de semillas de soya (Glycine max [L.] Merril) en la Orinoquía colombiana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v73n3.116351

Palabras clave:

climate, excesses, germination, Orinoquía, path (en)
climaexcesos, germinación, Orinoquía, sendero (es)

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Soybean cultivation in the Colombian Orinoquía region is developed under contrasting soil and climate conditions that affect seed physiological and sanitary quality. This study identified the climatic, soil, and phytopathological factors that affect seed quality in six varieties evaluated at five locations. A completely randomized design with four replicates per location was used. Climatic, soil, phenological, and sanitary variables were recorded. Pathogen incidence was determined using a negative binomial distribution model, and germination was assessed using path analysis. The results showed that Villavicencio (LIBB), during the second half of the year, presented the most favorable conditions for seed production, with adequate fertility levels, rainfall distribution, and low pathogen incidence, achieving germination rates above 80 %. In contrast, Taluma (TALA), during the first half of the year, presented the lowest germination rate (35 %) due to excess water and poor soils. At LIBA, germination reached 60 % despite excesses, possibly due to genetic traits. Leonas showed intermediate germination values (56 %) under high relative humidity and moderate water deficit. TALB presented the lowest rainfall, a prolonged water deficit, and low germination rates (53 %). The fungi Phomopsis sp. and Fusarium sp. were the primary pathogens identified, prevailing in environments characterized by high humidity and temperature. Path analysis showed a direct negative effect of water excess on germination (-0.40) and a positive indirect effect of sunlight (0.32). It is concluded that extreme water conditions, soil fertility, and pathogen pressure are determining factors in soybean seed quality in the Orinoquía region.

El cultivo de soya en la Orinoquía colombiana se desarrolla bajo condiciones edafoclimáticas contrastantes que afectan la calidad fisiológica y sanitaria de la semilla. Este estudio identificó los factores climáticos, edáficos y fitopatológicos que limitan dicha calidad en seis variedades evaluadas en cinco localidades. Se utilizó un diseño completamente aleatorizado con cuatro repeticiones por ambiente. Se registraron variables climáticas, edáficas, fenológicas y sanitarias. La incidencia de patógenos fue analizada mediante un modelo de distribución binomial negativa y la germinación, mediante análisis de sendero. Los resultados evidenciaron que la ciudad de Villavicencio (LIBB), durante el segundo semestre, presentó las condiciones más favorables para la producción de semilla, con adecuados niveles de fertilidad, distribución de lluvias y baja incidencia de patógenos, alcanzando tasas de germinación superiores al 80 %. En contraste, Taluma (TALA), durante el primer semestre, presentó la menor tasa de germinación (35 %) debido a excesos hídricos y suelos pobres. En LIBA, la germinación alcanzó el 60 % a pesar de los excesos, posiblemente debido a características genéticas de la semilla. Leonas tuvo germinación intermedia (56 %) bajo condiciones de alta humedad relativa y déficit hídrico moderado. TALB presentó el menor nivel de precipitación, déficit hídrico prolongado y tasas de germinación bajas (53 %). Los hongos Phomopsis sp. y Fusarium sp. fueron los principales patógenos identificados, predominando en ambientes con humedad y temperatura elevadas. El análisis de sendero mostró un efecto negativo directo de los excesos hídricos sobre la germinación (-0.40) y un efecto indirecto positivo del brillo solar (0.32). Se concluye que las condiciones hídricas extremas, la fertilidad edáfica y la presión de patógenos son determinantes en la calidad de las semillas de soya en la Orinoquía.

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APA

Tibocha Ardila, Y. S., Valencia Ramírez , R. A., López Casallas, M. & López Cardona, N. (2025). Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía. Acta Agronómica, 73(3), 259–268. https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v73n3.116351

ACM

[1]
Tibocha Ardila, Y.S., Valencia Ramírez , R.A., López Casallas, M. y López Cardona, N. 2025. Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía. Acta Agronómica. 73, 3 (dic. 2025), 259–268. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v73n3.116351.

ACS

(1)
Tibocha Ardila, Y. S.; Valencia Ramírez , R. A.; López Casallas, M.; López Cardona, N. Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía. Acta Agron. 2025, 73, 259-268.

ABNT

TIBOCHA ARDILA, Y. S.; VALENCIA RAMÍREZ , R. A.; LÓPEZ CASALLAS, M.; LÓPEZ CARDONA, N. Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía. Acta Agronómica, [S. l.], v. 73, n. 3, p. 259–268, 2025. DOI: 10.15446/acag.v73n3.116351. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/acta_agronomica/article/view/116351. Acesso em: 28 dic. 2025.

Chicago

Tibocha Ardila, Yuli Stephani, Rubén Alfredo Valencia Ramírez, Marcela López Casallas, y Nathali López Cardona. 2025. «Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía». Acta Agronómica 73 (3):259-68. https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v73n3.116351.

Harvard

Tibocha Ardila, Y. S., Valencia Ramírez , R. A., López Casallas, M. y López Cardona, N. (2025) «Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía», Acta Agronómica, 73(3), pp. 259–268. doi: 10.15446/acag.v73n3.116351.

IEEE

[1]
Y. S. Tibocha Ardila, R. A. Valencia Ramírez, M. López Casallas, y N. López Cardona, «Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía», Acta Agron., vol. 73, n.º 3, pp. 259–268, dic. 2025.

MLA

Tibocha Ardila, Y. S., R. A. Valencia Ramírez, M. López Casallas, y N. López Cardona. «Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía». Acta Agronómica, vol. 73, n.º 3, diciembre de 2025, pp. 259-68, doi:10.15446/acag.v73n3.116351.

Turabian

Tibocha Ardila, Yuli Stephani, Rubén Alfredo Valencia Ramírez, Marcela López Casallas, y Nathali López Cardona. «Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía». Acta Agronómica 73, no. 3 (diciembre 8, 2025): 259–268. Accedido diciembre 28, 2025. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/acta_agronomica/article/view/116351.

Vancouver

1.
Tibocha Ardila YS, Valencia Ramírez RA, López Casallas M, López Cardona N. Effect of environmental conditions and pathogen presence on the quality of soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merril) in the Colombian Orinoquía. Acta Agron. [Internet]. 8 de diciembre de 2025 [citado 28 de diciembre de 2025];73(3):259-68. Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/acta_agronomica/article/view/116351

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