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- 2021-12-03 (2)
- 2019-10-01 (1)
Genome size and ploidy variations in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) genotypes
Tamaño de genoma y variaciones de ploidía en genotipos de Pennisetum glaucum y Pennisetum purpureum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/acag.v68n4.75939Palabras clave:
Genome size, flow cytometry, Napier grass, pearl millet, Pennisetum, ploidy analysis (en)Tamaño del genoma, citometría de flujo, Pennisetum glaucum, y Pennisetum purpureum, Pennisetum, análisis de ploidía (es)
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Pennisetum glaucum (Pearl millet) and P. purpureum (Napier grass) are economically important members of the genus Pennisetum. The knowledge of variability in chromosome number, size and genomic content of the species could provide clues on the mechanisms responsible for decrease or increase in genomic content in the evolutionary pathway. In the present study, twenty nine genotypes consisting of 24 pearl millet and 5 Napier grass were assessed for inter- and intra-variations in chromosome number, ploidy status and genome content. Conventional cytogenetic was used for chromosome counting and flow cytometry technique for assessing genomic contents of the genotypes. Pearl millet genotypes were diploid (2n = 14) while Napier grass were mainly polyploid (2n = 28). Despite differences in the ploidy levels, the basic chromosome number was 7. The average 2C values was 4.86 pg and 4.58 pg for pearl millet and Napier grass genotypes respectively. The DNA content per haploid cell was higher among pearl millet genotypes and the genomic size were negatively related to chromosome number and ploidy levels, meanwhile, the GC richness was directly proportional to genomic size of the genotype. The mean channel values showed that the genotypes were nuclear haploid. The present study suggests that evolution and development of polyploidy was accompanied with loss in genomic content in Napier grass. It was also discovered that pearl millet with less number of chromosome, had higher genome size than Napier grass.
Pennisetum glaucum y P. purpureum son miembros económicamente importantes del género Pennisetum. El conocimiento de la variabilidad en el número de cromosomas, el tamaño y el contenido genómico de la especie podría proporcionar pistas sobre los mecanismos responsables de la disminución o el aumento del contenido genómico en la vía evolutiva. En el presente estudio se evaluaron veintinueve genotipos que constaban de 24 P. glaucum y 5 P. purpureum para determinar las variaciones inter e intra del número de cromosomas, el estado de la ploidía y el contenido del genoma. Se usó la citogenética convencional para el conteo de cromosomas y la técnica de citometría de flujo para evaluar el contenido genómico de los genotipos. Los genotipos de P. glaucum fueron diploides (2n = 14) mientras que el pasto P. purpureum fue principalmente poliploide (2n = 28). A pesar de las diferencias en los niveles de ploidía, el número básico de cromosomas fue 7. Los valores promedio de 2C fueron 4.86 pg y 4.58 pg para los genotipos de P. glaucum y P. purpureum, respectivamente. El contenido de ADN por célula haploide fue mayor entre los genotipos de P. glaucum y el tamaño genómico se relacionó negativamente con el número de cromosomas y los niveles de ploidía, mientras que la riqueza de GC fue directamente proporcional al tamaño genómico del genotipo. Los valores medios del canal mostraron que los genotipos eran haploides nucleares. El presente estudio sugiere que la evolución y el desarrollo de la poliploidía se acompañó con una pérdida en el contenido genómico en P. purpureum. También se descubrió que el P. glaucum con un menor número de cromosomas tenía un mayor tamaño del genoma que P. purpureum.
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