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2020-03-31 — Actualizado el 2021-11-25

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Cinética de eflorescencia grasa en muestras de chocolate oscuro comercial en Perú

Kinetic of fat bloom in commercial dark chocolate samples in Peru

Palabras clave:

Función exponencial, índice de blancura, método acelerado., Cacao (es)
Accelerated method, exponential function, whiteness index., Cacao (en)

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La eflorescencia de la grasa es un proceso de recristalización que da como resultado un chocolate de superficie opaca y blanca. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo determinar la cinética de aparición de este fenómeno evaluando el Indice de Blancura (IB) en chocolate comercial peruano con 45 y 70% de cacao. La cinética fue determinada por el método acelerado de ciclos de temperaturas de 30 ± 1 ºC durante 8 h y 20 ± 1 ºC durante 16 h a humedades relativas de 30, 50 y 70%. Las mediciones se realizaron cada 48 h (1 día de por medio). Los resultados mostraron que, la humedad relativa no afectó (P > 0.05) la cinética de eflorescencia grasa antes de 48 h de almacenamiento. El mayor IB, promedio, observado fue 55.7 ± 0.25 para el chocolate con 70% de cacao, almacenado a 30% de humedad. La cinética de eflorescencia grasa expresada en IB se ajustó a la función exponencial invertida: IB = IBf - (IBf - IBi) e-Kθ.

The fat bloom is a recrystallization process, resulting in the surface of the chocolate becoming opaque and white. The objective of the research was to determine the kinetics of appearance of the referred phenomenon by evaluating the whiteness index (WI) in Peruvian chocolate for sale with 45 and 70% of cocoa. The kinetics were determined for the accelerated method of temperature cycles with cycles of 30 ± 1°C (for 8 hours) and 20 ± 1°C (for 16 hours) at relative humidity of 30; 50 and 70 percent; the measurements were inter-daily. The relative humidity did not significantly influence (P > 0.05) in the fat bloom kinetic before 48 hours of storage. The highest average (IB) observed was 55.7 ± 0.25, reached by chocolate at 70% cocoa, stored at 30% of humidity. The kinetic of fat bloom is given by the inverted exponential function: WI = WIf - (WIf - WIi) e-Kθ.

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