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Fatores de risco associados à exposição de adolescentes à violência sexual
Risk factors associated with adolescent exposure to sexual violence
Factores de riesgo asociados a la exposición de adolescentes a la violencia sexual
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/av.enferm.v37n3.77050Keywords:
Delitos Sexuais, Adolescente, Fatores de Risco, Enfermagem. (pt)Sex Offenses, Adolescent, Risk Factors, Nursing (en)
Delitos Sexuales, Adolescente, Factores de Riesgo, Enfermería (es)
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Objetivo: analisar as evidências científicas sobre os fatores de risco associados à exposição de adolescentes à violência sexual.
Síntese de conteúdo: revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em quatro bases de dados e duas bibliotecas virtuais, sem limites do ano de publicação, utilizando-se
os descritores: “delitos sexuais”, “adolescentes” e “fatores de risco”. Utilizou-se, também, a palavra-chave “violência sexual” e equivalentes, no idioma inglês. Na análise dos 22 artigos incluídos, os fatores associados à exposição dos adolescentes à violência sexual foram classificados em “abuso sexual” e “exploração sexual”. O consumo de álcool e/ou drogas foi o fator mais evidente, seguido do sexo casual, da
baixa escolaridade, da baixa renda, da violência familiar, dos relacionamentos em ambientes virtuais, da estigmatização do trabalho sexual e falta de moradia.
Conclusão: os fatores apresentados devem ser considerados pela enfermagem para o reconhecimento de adolescentes vítimas de violência sexual, além de contribuir na prevenção de novos casos e na minimização dos efeitos que tal ato pode causar na vida desse público.
Objective: to analyze scientific evidence about risk factors associated with adolescent exposure to sexual violence.
Content synthesis: review of integrative literature in four databases and two virtual libraries, without limit of publication year, using the keywords: “sex crimes”, “teens” and “risk factors”. The keyword “sexual violence” was also used. In the analysis of the 22 articles included, the factors associated with adolescent exposure to sexual violence were classified as: “sexual abuse” and “sexual exploitation”. Alcohol and drug consumption was the most obvious factor, followed by casual sex, low schooling, low income, family violence, relationships in virtual settings, stigma of sex work and homelessness.
Conclusion: the factors presented should be considered by the nurse for the recognition of adolescent victims of sexual violence, in addition to contributing to the prevention of new cases and to the reduction of the effects that such an act could have on the life of that population.
Objetivo: analizar la evidencia científica sobre los factores de riesgo asociados a la exposición de adolescentes a la violencia sexual.
Síntesis del contenido: revisión de la literatura integrativa en cuatro bases de datos y dos bibliotecas virtuales, sin límite de año de publicación, usando las palabras clave: “delitos sexuales”, “adolescentes” y “factores de riesgo”. También se utilizó la palabra clave “violencia sexual” y su equivalente en el idioma inglés. En el análisis de los 22 artículos incluidos, los factores asociados con la exposición de adolescentes a la violencia sexual se clasificaron en: “abuso sexual” y “explotación sexual”. El consumo de alcohol y drogas fue el factor más evidente, seguido por el sexo casual, baja escolaridad, bajos ingresos, violencia familiar, relaciones en entornos virtuales, estigma del trabajo sexual y falta de vivienda.
Conclusión: los factores presentados deben ser considerados por la enfermera para el reconocimiento de adolescentes víctimas de violencia sexual, además de contribuir con la prevención de nuevos casos y con la disminución de los efectos que tal acto podría causar en la vida de esa población.
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