From Equilibrium to Coordination: A Structural Reassessment of Microeconomic Theory
Del equilibrio a la coordinación: una reevaluación estructural de la teoría microeconómica
Do equilíbrio à coordenação: uma reavaliação estrutural da teoria microeconômica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ede.v36n68.126944Palabras clave:
Coordination, Equilibrium, Mesoeconomics, Economic networks, Complexity economics, Non-ergodicity (en)Coordinación, equilibrio, mesoeconomía, redes económicas, economía de la complejidad, no ergodicidad (es)
coordenação, equilíbrio, mesoeconomia, redes econômicas, economia da complexidade, não ergodicidade (pt)
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This programmatic paper reassesses whether the equilibrium paradigm constitutes a general theory of coordination in decentralized economies. By integrating four foundational results (Sonnenschein-Mantel-Debreu, Gorman, second best, and Myerson-Satterthwaite), it argues that neoclassical microeconomics neither imposes meaningful restrictions on aggregate behavior nor guarantees efficient coordination under heterogeneity and private information. These results reveal structural limitations that undermine equilibrium as a general organizing principle. The paper proposes instead a coordination-based perspective in which aggregate regularities emerge from dynamic interactions among heterogeneous agents at the mesoeconomic level within a complex and non-ergodic economic system. Coordination is therefore understood not as convergence toward equilibrium, but as the emergence and persistence of structured interaction regimes generated through networks, adaptation, and feedback processes. The framework is complemented by a computational illustration evaluating accumulation dynamics across different network topologies.
Este artículo programático reevalúa si el paradigma del equilibrio constituye una teoría general de la coordinación en economías descentralizadas. Al integrar cuatro resultados fundamentales (Sonnenschein-Mantel-Debreu, Gorman, segundo mejor y Myerson-Satterthwaite), sostiene que la microeconomía neoclásica no impone restricciones significativas sobre el comportamiento agregado ni garantiza coordinación eficiente bajo heterogeneidad e información privada. Estos resultados revelan limitaciones estructurales que cuestionan el equilibrio como principio organizador general. El artículo propone, en cambio, una perspectiva basada en la coordinación, donde las regularidades agregadas emergen de interacciones dinámicas entre agentes heterogéneos en el nivel mesoeconómico de un sistema económico complejo y no ergódico. La coordinación se entiende así no como convergencia hacia el equilibrio, sino como la emergencia y persistencia de regímenes estructurados de interacción generados mediante redes, adaptación y retroalimentación. El marco se complementa con una ilustración computacional sobre dinámicas de acumulación en diferentes topologías de red.
Este artigo programático reavalia se o paradigma do equilíbrio constitui uma teoria geral da coordenação em economias descentralizadas. Ao integrar quatro resultados fundamentais (Sonnenschein-Mantel-Debreu, Gorman, o segundo melhor e Myerson-Satterthwaite), ele sustenta que a microeconomia neoclássica não impõe restrições significativas ao comportamento agregado nem garante uma coordenação eficiente em condições de heterogeneidade e informação privada. Esses resultados revelam limitações estruturais que questionam o equilíbrio como princípio organizador geral. O artigo propõe, em contrapartida, uma perspectiva baseada na coordenação, na qual as regularidades agregadas emergem de interações dinâmicas entre agentes heterogêneos no nível mesoeconômico de um sistema econômico complexo e não ergódico. A coordenação é, assim, entendida não como convergência para o equilíbrio, mas como a emergência e a persistência de regimes estruturados de interação gerados por meio de redes, adaptação e retroalimentação. O quadro é complementado por uma ilustração computacional sobre as dinâmicas de acumulação em diferentes topologias de rede.
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