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Analysis of the physical and chemical properties of soil contaminated with oily (petroleum) hydrocarbons.
Análisis de las propiedades físicas y químicas de suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos oleosos (petróleo).
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v24n2.76217Keywords:
Contaminated Soil, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Atterberg Limits, Density, Clay, Sand. (en)suelo contaminado, hidrocarburos totales de petróleo, límites de Atterberg, densidad, arcilla, arena. (es)
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This paper is focused on analyzing the engineering properties and geotechnical changes of the soil contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons, compared to non-contaminated soil. Also, identifying the physical and chemical behaviors and the interaction mechanisms between soil and contaminants at the time of contamination is far-reaching. This study aims to investigate the effects of petroleum contaminants on Atterberg limits, cation-exchange capacity, electrical conductivity and acidity, maximum dry density, and optimum moisture content of clay soil compared to non-contaminated samples with similar geological conditions in Gachsaran petroleum refinery region. The significant effects of contaminants on clay soil include an increase in cation-exchange capacity and electrical conductivity, but a decrease in acidity compared to non-contaminated samples. The results of the Atterberg limit as a physical index of the soil showed an increase in the petroleum hydrocarbon concentration, which enhanced the plastic and liquid limits, but decreased the plasticity index. The results of compaction tests using water and oil fluids indicated that the concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons in sandy soil increased maximum dry density and decreased optimum moisture content. Moreover, in a soil sample with stable pollution levels, maximum dry density and optimum moisture content were higher and lower in the compaction test using water fluid compared to those in compaction tests using oil fluid, respectively. Finally, increasing the soil pollution level reduced the difference between maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content in the compaction test using water fluid compared to the same test using oil fluid.
El presente trabajo se enfoca en analizar las propiedades de ingeniería y los cambios geotécnicos de los suelos contaminados por hidrocarburos del petróleo comparados con suelos no contaminados. Tambien en identificar los comportamientos físicos y químicos y los mecanismos de interacción entre el suelo, los contaminantes y el alcance de estos. Este estudio busca investigar los efectos de los contaminantes de petróleo en los límites de Atterberg, en la capacidad de intercambio de cationes, la conductividad eléctrica y la acidez, la densidad seca máxima, el contenido óptimo de humedad en suelos arcillosos frente a muestras de suelo con condiciones geológicas similares en la refinería de petróleo de Gachsaran, Irán. Los efectos determinantes de los contaminantes en suelos arcillosos incluyen un incremento en la capacidad de intercambio de cationes y en la conductividad eléctrica, pero un decrecimiento en la acidez frente a las muestras no contaminadas. Los resultados de los límites de Atterberg como un índice físico del suelo muestran un incremento en la concentración de hidrocarburos de petróleo, lo que intensifica los límites plásticos y líquidos, pero reduce el índice de plasticidad. Los resultados de las evaluaciones de compactación al añadir agua y fluidos de crudo indican que la concentración de hidrocarbonos de petróleo en suelos arenosos incrementan la densidad seca máxima y reducen el contenido de humedad óptimo. Además, en una muestra de suelo con niveles de contaminación estables, la densidad seca máxima y el contenido óptimo de humedad registraron el mayor y el menor índice en la evaluación de compactación con agua comparado con las pruebas donde se utilizó crudo. Finalmente, al incrementar el nivel de contaminación del suelo se reduce la diferencia entre la densidad seca máxima y el contenido óptimo de humedad en la prueba de compactación cuando se usa agua comparado con la prueba donde se usa crudo.
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