Publicado

2020-07-01 — Actualizado el 2020-07-01

Un nuevo tipo de migrante: ¿escapando del “desarrollo”?

A New Type of Migrant: Escaping “Development”?

Palabras clave:

migración, desarrollo, Política, Europa, América Latina (es)

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Autores/as

  • Saskia Sassen Columbia University
Aquí examino dos grupos de problemas, uno perteneciendo a una historia más vieja cuyas consecuencias aún están con nosotros, y el otro, a una nueva historia en proceso que hace visible cuánta injusticia marca nuestro período actual. El primero destaca el poder de la ley y de los acuerdos contractuales para destruir economías que no encajan en el molde corporativo/moderno. El segundo se enfoca en dos grandes micro-historias brutales en donde la ley puede a duras penas funcionar. En resumen, estos son tipos de “desarrollo” que destruyen medios de vida y destruyen la tierra y el agua. El resultado es desastroso. Sin embargo, los tipos de medidas que utilizamos para establecer el “desarrollo” registran estas condiciones negativas como positivas: un aumento en PIB per cápita. Ahora hay un creciente consenso entre expertos en desarrollo —notablemente Joseph Stiglitz y Amartya Sen— quienes sostienen que el aumento del PIB per cápita ya no es útil como medida para entender cuál es el estado de nuestras economías si la preocupación incluye la población general —y no se enfoca únicamente en modos particulares de aumento que funcionan para los ricos—.
Here I examine two sets of issues, one belonging to an older history whose consequences are still with us, and the other, a new history in the making that makes visible how much injustice marks our current period. The first brings to the fore the power of law and contractual arrangements to destroy economies that fall outside the corporate/modern mold. The second focuses on two major brutal micro-histories where law can barely function. In brief, these are types of ‘development’ that destroy livelihoods and destroy land and water. The outcome is disastrous. Yet the types of measures we use to establish “development” register these negative conditions as a positive: A growth in GDP per capita. There is now a growing consensus among key development experts (notably Joseph Stiglitz and Amartya Sen) who argue that GDP per capita growth is no longer a useful measure to understand how our economies are doing if the concern includes the general population – and not only focuses on particular modes of growth that work for the rich.

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