Estado, militares y conflicto en la frontera amazónica colombiana: referentes históricos para la interpretación regional del conflicto
State, military and violence on the Colombian Amazon frontier: Historical referents for the regional interpretation of the conflict
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ma.v6n1.50059Keywords:
Amazonia, fronteras, conflicto, relaciones internacionales, guerrillas (es)Amazonia, borders, conflict, international relations, guerrilla (en)
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El actual conflicto colombiano ha tenido en la región amazónica (zona de frontera con Brasil, Perú y Ecuador) una expresión particular poco estudiada y analizada. Las erróneas concepciones sobre el papel y las posibilidades de la región y sus fronteras, así como el diseño de políticas públicas del Estado colombiano (que han sido orientadas casi exclusivamente al ejercicio de la soberanía y al control territorial, con un énfasis excesivo en sus aspectos militares), arrojan muy pobres resultados, desde que empezaron a implementarse en los años treinta del siglo pasado, en términos de integración social, económica y política de la Amazonia al resto de la nación. La violencia y los conflictos sociales que han padecido la región y sus zonas de frontera en las últimas décadas tienen mucho que ver con esta situación. Un eventual acuerdo en el actual proceso de paz podría ayudar a resolverlos, siempre y cuando se cumplan otras condiciones y se implementen simultáneamente reformas que han venido aplazándose durante décadas.
The current Colombian conflict has had a particular manifestation in the Amazon region in the frontier area between Brazil and the Andean countries. This has been little studied and analyzed. The role and the possibilities of the region and its borders, as well as the design and implementation of public policies of the Colombian state (almost exclusively aimed at the exercise of sovereignty and territorial control, with an excessive emphasis in its military aspects), have been wrongly conceptualized. This has led to very poor outcomes in terms of the social, economic and political integration of Amazonia with the rest of the nation. The violence and social conflicts that the region and its border zones have suffered during the last decades have a lot to do with this situation. An eventual agreement within the current peace process could help to solve these problems, inasmuch as other conditions are fulfilled and simultaneously long due reforms are implemented.
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1. María Antonieta Corcione-Nieto, Andrés Eduardo Fernández-Osorio, Leidy Johana Cabrera-Cabrera. (2021). Academia, Conflicto Armado y Paz en Colombia: Un Acercamiento desde la Geopolítica del Conocimiento. Dados, 64(4) https://doi.org/10.1590/dados.2021.64.4.247.
2. Maria Alejandra Santos-Barón. (2020). Dinámicas territoriales de seguridad en La Guajira, Amazonas y Vichada (2017-2020). Estudios en Seguridad y Defensa, 15(29), p.95. https://doi.org/10.25062/1900-8325.245.
3. Viviana García Pinzón. (2018). Dimensiones locales de la seguridad y la cooperación transfronteriza en la frontera amazónica de Brasil, Colombia y Perú. OPERA, (23), p.59. https://doi.org/10.18601/16578651.n23.05.
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