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Removal of Sulfate Ions by Precipitation and Flotation
Eliminación de iones sulfato mediante precipitación y flotación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v41n3.90349Keywords:
Water pollution, Sulfate ions, Flotation, Precipitation. (en)Contaminación de agua, Iones sulfato, Flotación, Precipitación. (es)
The removal of sulfate ions from natural waters, as well as from industrial effluents of different origins, is a problem, considering that most of the proposed processes are inefficient and have a high cost, mainly when reducing the sulfate ion concentration to values below 500 mg.L−1 is required. The flotation technique, combined with precipitation, has proven to be efficient for the removal of heavy metal ions. However, there is not enough research to confirm its efficiency for the removal of sulfate ions. This article presents the results of sulfate ion removal from synthetic solutions prepared in an acidic medium, applying the co-precipitation techniques with polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and solid/liquid separation by dissolved air flotation (DAF). The effect of the pH, the [PAC: sulfate ions] ratio, the effect of saturated water flow with air, and the flocculant and collector doses were studied. The achieved results confirm that it is possible to reduce the concentration of sulfate ions from 1 800 to 350 mg.L−1 (80% removal) from synthetic solutions by applying the flotation technique combined with precipitation.
La eliminación de iones sulfatos desde aguas naturales, así como de efluentes industriales de diferentes orígenes, es un problema, considerando que la mayoría de los procesos propuestos son ineficientes y de alto costo, principalmente cuando se requiere reducir la concentración de iones sulfato a valores inferiores a 500 mg.L−1. La técnica de flotación combinada con precipitación ha demostrado ser eficiente para la eliminación de iones d metales pesados. Sin embargo, no hay suficientes investigaciones que confirmen su eficiencia para la eliminación de iones sulfato. Este articulo presenta los resultados de la remoción de iones sulfato desde soluciones sintéticas preparadas en un medio acido, aplicando las técnicas de co-precipitación con policloruro de aluminio (PAC) y separación solido/liquido mediante flotación por aire disuelto (FAD). Se estudiaron el efecto del pH, la razón [PAC: iones sulfato], el efecto del flujo de agua saturada con aire y las dosis de floculante y colector. Los resultados alcanzados confirman que es posible reducir la concentración de iones sulfato de 1 800 a 350 mg.L−1 (80% de remoción) desde soluciones sintéticas aplicando la técnica de flotación combinada con precipitación.
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