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Assessment of the Wind Power Potential in the Gulf of Urabá, Department of Antioquia
Evaluación del potencial de energía eólica en el Golfo de Urabá, departamento de Antioquia
Keywords:
Wind energy, energy density, wind turbine, energy potential, flexible systems (en)energía eólica, densidad de energía, aerogenerador, potencial eólico, sistemas flexibles (es)
In this work, an estimation of the wind resource potential was calculated using the Weibull method in the Gulf of Urabá, where wind velocities reach significant and more uniform values. Particularly, this potential was calculated at the coordinates 8,713280° latitude and -77,075274° longitude, where the power density varies between 33,59 and 128,39 W/m2 throughout the year. Based on the guidelines established by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and the power curves of commercial wind turbines, the installation of 875 offshore-type wind turbines in the Gulf of Urabá was determined to generate monthly and annual averages of electrical energy of 522 982,66 MWh and 6 275,79 GWh, respectively. The wind potential of the selected point represented 8,72% of the electrical energy demanded in Colombia during 2019, which was around 71,93 TWh. Therefore, the use of the wind resource in this area might contribute to the development of the national policy related to the utilization of non-conventional sources of renewable energy (NCSRE), guaranteeing energy security and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. However, the incorporation of NCSRE in the national energy matrix poses challenges in the flexibility of the energy system network, which must be solved to ensure the reliability of the system.
En este trabajo se realizó una estimación del potencial del recurso eólico usando el método de Weibull en el Golfo de Urabá, donde las velocidades del viento alcanzan valores significativos y más uniformes. Particularmente, este potencial se calculó en las coordenadas 8,713280° de latitud y -77,075274° de longitud, donde la densidad de potencia varía entre 33,59 y 128,39 W/m2 a lo largo del año. A partir de las pautas establecidas por la Comisión Electrotécnica Internacional (IEC) y las curvas de potencia de aerogeneradores comerciales, se logró determinar que la instalación de 875 aerogeneradores tipo offshore en el Golfo de Urabá podría llegar a generar promedios de energía eléctrica mensual y anual de 522 982,66 MWh y 6 275,79 GWh, respectivamente. El potencial eólico del punto seleccionado representa el 8,72 % de la energía eléctrica requerida en Colombia durante el año 2019, la cual fue alrededor de 71,93 TWh. Por lo tanto, el aprovechamiento del recurso eólico de esta zona puede llegar a contribuir al desarrollo de la política nacional relacionada con el uso de fuentes no convencionales de energía renovable (FNCER), garantizando la seguridad energética y la reducción de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Sin embargo, la incorporación de las FNCER en la matriz energética nacional genera desafíos en la flexibilidad de la red del sistema de energía, los cuales deben ser resueltos para asegurar la confiabilidad del sistema.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Juan Camilo Pineda Ortiz, Ana Sofía Barona, Ainhoa Rubio-Clemente, Edwin Lenin Chica Arrieta
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