Published

2023-01-19

Obtaining Biodiesel from Fat Extracted from Solid Waste Produced in the Fleshing Stage of Leather Manufacturing

Obtención de biodiésel a partir de grasa extraída de residuos sólidos producidos en la etapa de descarnado en la fabricación de cuero

Keywords:

pressurized solvent, fat, transesterification, biodisel, tallow, solid waste (en)
solventes presurizados, grasas, transesterificación, biodiesel, sebo, residuos sólidos (es)

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Authors

  • Angel Diaz Burgos Universidad de Nariño- Grupo de Investigacion Estudio de Sistemas Contaminantes
  • Juan Jose Lozada Castro Universidad de Nariño- Grupo de Investigacion Estudio de Sistemas Contaminantes https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5265-8686
  • Carol Andrea Castillo Parra Universidad de Nariño- Grupo de Investigacion Estudio de Sistemas Contaminantes
  • Pablo Fernandez Izquierdo Universidad de Nariño- Grupo de Investigación de Biotecnología Microbiana
  • David Arturo Perdomo Universidad de Nariño- Grupo de Investigacion Estudio de Sistemas Contaminantes https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2796-3811

Tallow is produced in leather manufacturing, particularly in the fleshing stage. It contains large amounts of fat, which, in most industrial plants, pollutes water and soil due to poor disposal. In order to take advantage of this solid waste, chemical processes have been applied to transform the fats extracted from tallow into biodiesel. In this work, an extraction technique involving non-polar solvents pressurized at 15 psi. With gasoline, a 51,0% fat recovery was obtained. The quality of the extracted fat was determined by analyzing density, viscosity, melting point, moisture, acidity, and acidity, peroxides, saponification, and iodine indices. Biodiesel was obtained via transesterification reactions with methanol and sodium hydroxide. The content of methyl esters produced in the reaction was characterized by means of gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, where the methyl esters of palmitic and oleic fatty acids were identified as major components.

El sebo se produce en la fabricación de cuero, particularmente en la etapa de descarnado, y contiene grandes cantidades de grasa que, en la mayoría de las plantas industriales, contaminan el agua y el suelo debido a la mala eliminación. Para aprovechar este recurso se han aplicado procesos químicos para transformar las grasas extraídas del sebo en biodiesel. En este trabajo se aplicó una técnica de extracción con disolventes apolares presurizados a 15 psi. Con gasolina se obtuvo una recuperación de grasa del 51,0 %. La calidad de la grasa extraída se determinó analizando densidad, viscosidad, punto de fusión, humedad, acidez e índices de acidez, peróxidos, saponificación y yodo. El biodiesel se obtuvo mediante reacciones de transesterificación con metanol e hidróxido de sodio. El contenido de los ésteres metílicos producidos en la reacción se caracterizó mediante cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas, donde se identificaron los ésteres metílicos de los ácidos grasos palmítico y oleico como componentes principales.

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Copyright (c) 2022 Angel Diaz Burgos, Juan Jose Lozada Castro, Carol Andrea Castillo Parra, Pablo Fernandez Izquierdo, David Arturo Perdomo

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