Published

2022-01-05

Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems

Carta al editor: El Premio Nobel de Física 2021 y la comprensión de los sistemas físicos complejos

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/mo.n64.100335

Keywords:

complex systems, climate physics, spin glasses, replica symmetry breaking, random lasers (en)
sistemas complejos, física climática, vidrios de spins, ruptura de simetría de réplicas, láseres aleatorios (es)

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Authors

  • Ernesto P. Raposo Laboratório de Física Teórica e Computacional, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE 50670-901
  • Anderson S. L. Gomes Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE 50670-901
  • Cid B. de Araujo Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE 50670-901

The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize was awarded to Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann, and Giorgio Parisi for their “groundbreaking contributions to our understanding of complex physical systems.” Here we review some of the ideas and results which served as the scientific basis to the award. We also comment on the works by our research group on the complex systems properties of random lasers and random fiber lasers.  

El Premio Nobel de Física 2021 fue otorgado a Syukuro Manabe, Klaus Hasselmann y Giorgio Parisi por sus “contribuciones innovadoras a nuestra comprensión de los sistemas físicos complejos.” Aquí repasamos algunas de las ideas y resultados que sirvieron de base científica al premio. También comentamos los trabajos de nuestro grupo de investigación sobre las propiedades de sistemas complejos de los láseres aleatorios y láseres de fibra aleatorios.

References

Report of the Nobel Committee for Physics. Scientific Background on the Nobel Prize in Physics 2021. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2021/advanced-information/

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M. Mézard, G. Parisi, and M. A. Virasoro, Spin Glass Theory and Beyond (World Scientific, Singapore, 1987).

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N. M. Lawandy, R. M. Balachandran, A. S. L. Gomes, and E. Sauvain, Laser action in strongly scattering media, Nature 368, 436 (1994).

A. S. L. Gomes, A. L. Moura, C. B. de Araújo, and E. P. Raposo, Recent advances and applications of random lasers and random fiber lasers, Prog. Quantum Electron. 78, 100343 (2021).

L. Angelani, C. Conti, G. Ruocco, and F. Zamponi, Glassy behavior of light, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 065702 (2006).

N. Ghofraniha, I. Viola, F. Di Maria, G. Barbarella, G. Gigli, L. Leuzzi, C. Conti, Experimental evidence of replica symmetry breaking in random lasers, Nat. Commun. 6, 6058 (2015).

A. S. L. Gomes, B. C. Lima, P. I. R. Pincheira, A. L. Moura, M. Gagné, E. P. Raposo, C. B. de Araújo, and R. Kashyap, Glassy behavior in a one-dimensional continuous-wave erbium-doped random fiber laser, Phys. Rev. A 94, 011801(R) (2016).

B. C. Lima, A. S. L. Gomes, P. I. R. Pincheira, A. L. Moura, M. Gagné, E. P. Raposo, C. B. de Araújo, and R. Kashyap, Observation of Lévy statistics in one-dimensional erbium-based random fiber laser, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 34, 293 (2017).

I. R. R. González, E. P. Raposo, A. M. S. Macêdo, L. de S. Menezes, and A. S. L. Gomes, Coexistence of turbulence-like and glassy behaviours in a photonic system, Sci. Rep. 8, 17046 (2018).

A. S. L. Gomes, E. P. Raposo, A. L. Moura, S. I. Fewo, P. I. R. Pincheira, V. Jerez, L. J. Q. Maia, and C. B. de Araújo, Observation of Lévy distribution and replica symmetry breaking in random lasers from a single set of measurements, Sci. Rep. 6, 27987 (2016).

A. L. Moura, P. I. R. Pincheira, A. S. Reyna, E. P. Raposo, A. S. L. Gomes, and C. B. de Araújo,

Replica symmetry breaking in the photonic ferromagneticlike spontaneous mode-locking phase of a multimode Nd:YAG laser, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 163902 (2017).

P. I. R. Pincheira, A. F. Silva, S. I. Fewo, S. J. M. Carreño, A. L. Moura, E. P. Raposo, A. S. L. Gomes, and C. B. de Araújo, Observation of photonic paramagnetic to spin-glass transition in specially designed TiO2 particles-based dye-colloidal random laser, Opt. Lett. 41, 3459 (2016).

E. P. Raposo and A. S. L. Gomes, Analytical solution for the Lévy-like steady-state distribution of intensities in random lasers, Phys. Rev. A 91, 043827 (2015).

C. B. de Araújo, A. S. L. Gomes, and E. P. Raposo, Lévy statistics and glassy behavior of light in random fiber lasers, Appl. Sci. 7, 644 (2017).

B. C. Lima, P. I. R. Pincheira, E. P. Raposo, L. de S. Menezes, C. B. de Araújo, A. S. L. Gomes, and R. Kashyap, Extreme-value statistics of intensities in a CW-pumped random fiber laser, Phys. Rev. A 96, 013834 (2017).

E. P. Raposo, I. R. R. González, A. M. S. Macêdo, B. C. Lima, R. Kashyap, L. de S. Menezes, and A. S. L. Gomes, Evidence of Floquet phase in a photonic system, Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 143903 (2019).

I. R. R. González, B. C. Lima, P. I. R. Pincheira, A. A. Brum, A. M. S. Macêdo, G. L. Vasconcelos, L. de S. Menezes, E. P. Raposo, A. S. L. Gomes, and R. Kashyap, Turbulence hierarchy in a random fibre laser, Nat. Commun. 8, 15731 (2017).

How to Cite

APA

Raposo, E. P., Gomes, A. S. L. . and de Araujo, C. B. (2022). Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems. MOMENTO, (64), I - X. https://doi.org/10.15446/mo.n64.100335

ACM

[1]
Raposo, E.P., Gomes, A.S.L. and de Araujo, C.B. 2022. Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems. MOMENTO. 64 (Jan. 2022), I - X. DOI:https://doi.org/10.15446/mo.n64.100335.

ACS

(1)
Raposo, E. P.; Gomes, A. S. L. .; de Araujo, C. B. Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems. Momento 2022, I - X.

ABNT

RAPOSO, E. P.; GOMES, A. S. L. .; DE ARAUJO, C. B. Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems. MOMENTO, [S. l.], n. 64, p. I - X, 2022. DOI: 10.15446/mo.n64.100335. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/momento/article/view/100335. Acesso em: 23 mar. 2025.

Chicago

Raposo, Ernesto P., Anderson S. L. Gomes, and Cid B. de Araujo. 2022. “Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems”. MOMENTO, no. 64 (January):I - X. https://doi.org/10.15446/mo.n64.100335.

Harvard

Raposo, E. P., Gomes, A. S. L. . and de Araujo, C. B. (2022) “Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems”, MOMENTO, (64), p. I - X. doi: 10.15446/mo.n64.100335.

IEEE

[1]
E. P. Raposo, A. S. L. . Gomes, and C. B. de Araujo, “Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems”, Momento, no. 64, p. I - X, Jan. 2022.

MLA

Raposo, E. P., A. S. L. . Gomes, and C. B. de Araujo. “Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems”. MOMENTO, no. 64, Jan. 2022, p. I - X, doi:10.15446/mo.n64.100335.

Turabian

Raposo, Ernesto P., Anderson S. L. Gomes, and Cid B. de Araujo. “Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems”. MOMENTO, no. 64 (January 5, 2022): I - X. Accessed March 23, 2025. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/momento/article/view/100335.

Vancouver

1.
Raposo EP, Gomes ASL, de Araujo CB. Letter to the editor: The 2021 Physics Nobel Prize and the understanding of complex physical systems. Momento [Internet]. 2022 Jan. 5 [cited 2025 Mar. 23];(64):I - X. Available from: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/momento/article/view/100335

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