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Sedación oral a nivel pediátrico aplicada en odontología
Pediatric oral sedation applied in dentistry
Sedação oral no nível pediátrico aplicado em odontologia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v52n1.101736Palabras clave:
Sedación, odontopediatría, paciente pediátrico , odontología (es)Sedation, pediatric dentistry, pediatric patient, dentistry (en)
Sedação, dentista pediátrica, paciente pediátrico, odontologia (pt)
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Introducción: los procedimientos dentales invasivos con su aluvión de instrumentación,
olores, sonidos, a menudo se consideran como uno de los eventos que más
ansiedad y producen en la sociedad. El comportamiento de los niños en el entorno
dental frecuentemente es complicado, sin embargo, la mayoría de los infantes se
suelen tratar fácilmente con técnicas de orientación conductual y apoyo de los padres,
no obstante, en algunos casos requieren de manejo farmacológico para soportar los
tratamientos dentales invasivos. El tratamiento farmacológico en estos casos va desde
la ansiolisis leve hasta la anestesia general. Dado que la sedación segura requiere de
una formación adecuada del odontólogo, esta revisión pretende describir la sedación
oral y su aplicación en niños a nivel dental. Metodología: esta investigación se basa
en una revisión bibliografía exhaustiva, con búsqueda y análisis de infomación en
base al tema planteado a través de bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus, SciELO y
Google scholar. Resultados y discusión: la Asociación Dental Americana proporciona
definiciones precisas para cada nivel de sedación y anestesia, en base a estas
enstandarizaciones los organismos estatales dentales han desarrollado reglas y regulaciones para la sedación pediátrica en odontología, por la misma que está influenciadas
por las demandas de la sociedad, las agencias reguladoras, las directrices internacionales,
las implicaciones financieras y la formación profesional. Conclusiones:
la sedación dental pediátrica es una herramienta de gran utilidad que puede ser utilizada
con éxito en manos de un profesional especializado y con una normativa clara y
específica que evite los posibles efectos adversos en los pacientes.
Introduction: Invasive dental procedures with their barrage of instrumentation,
smells, sounds, and are often considered to be one of the most anxiety producing
events in society. The behavior of children in the dental environment is often
complicated, however, most children are easily treated with behavioral counseling
techniques and parental support, however, in some cases require pharmacological
management to withstand invasive dental treatments. Pharmacologic treatment in
these cases ranges from mild anxiolysis to general anesthesia. Since safe sedation
requires adequate training of the dentist, this review aims to describe oral sedation
and its application in children at the dental level. Methodology: this research is
based on an exhaustive review of the literature, with a search and analysis of information
based on the topic in question through databases such as PubMed, Scopus,
SciELO and Google scholar. Results and discussion: the American Dental Association
provides precise definitions for each level of sedation and anesthesia, based
on these standardizations, state dental organizations have developed rules and regulations
for pediatric sedation in dentistry, which is influenced by the demands of
society, regulatory agencies, international guidelines, financial implications, and
professional training. Conclusions: pediatric dental sedation is a very useful tool
that can be used successfully in the hands of a specialized professional and with a
clear and specific regulation that avoids possible adverse effects on patients.
Introdução: procedimentos odontológicos invasivos com sua enxurrada de instrumentação,
odores, sons e são frequentemente considerados um dos eventos que
produzem a maior ansiedade da sociedade. O comportamento das crianças no
ambiente odontológico é frequentemente complicado; no entanto, na maioria das
crianças, elas geralmente são tratadas com técnicas de orientação e suporte comportamentais,
no entanto, em alguns casos, exigem o gerenciamento farmacológico
para apoiar os tratamentos odontológicos invasivos. O tratamento farmacológico
nesses casos passa de ansiolise leve à anestesia geral. Como a sedação segura requer
formação adequada do dentista, esta revisão visa descrever a sedação oral e sua aplicação
em crianças no nível odontológico. Metodologia: esta pesquisa é baseada em
uma revisão exaustiva da bibliografia, com análise de busca e infomming com base
no tópico levantado através de bancos de dados como PubMed, Scopus, SciELO
e Google Scholar. Resultados e discussão: a American Dental Association fornece
definições precisas para cada nível de sedação e anestesia, com base nesses testes,
as organizações estatais odontológicas desenvolveram regras e regulamentos para
sedação pediátrica em odontologia, o mesmo que é influenciado pelas demandas da
empresa, Agências regulatórias, diretrizes internacionais, implicações financeiras e
treinamento profissional. Conclusões: a sedação dentária pediátrica é uma ferramenta
muito útil que pode ser usada com sucesso nas mãos de um profissional especializado
e claro e específico que evitam possíveis efeitos adversos nos pacientes.
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