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Psicoeducación en el síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstructiva del sueño (SAHOS)
Psychoeducation in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS)
Palabras clave:
Síndromes de la apnea del sueño, Salud mental, Terapéutica. (es)Sleep Apnea Syndromes, Mental Health, Therapeutics. (en)
La psicoeducación es una alternativa complementaria a los tratamientos usuales para el paciente con apnea del sueño que permite que quien la padece aprenda a conocer su enfermedad. Se practica en el campo de la salud mental y posibilita que los pacientes afectados identifiquen su entidad nosológica y cooperen de forma participativa y activa en el tratamiento instaurado.
Para tratar a los pacientes con apnea del sueño, es importante que ellos conozcan las características de la enfermedad y el tratamiento, pues esto les permite desarrollar conciencia de la enfermedad, con la que pueden alcanzar una mayor adherencia a los tratamientos. Existen varios tipos de terapia: la terapia individual, que se caracteriza por ser una ayuda que brinda el profesional de la salud mental al paciente; la terapia de pareja y la terapia familiar, que ofrecen ayuda psicológica para el manejo de la apnea del sueño y sus efectos secundarios, y la terapia de grupo, para educar en torno a la entidad y su tratamiento mediante el intercambio de experiencias positivas frente al grupo. A su vez, está la intervención de campo en el trabajo y las técnicas de desensibilización progresiva y relajación para mejorar la adherencia al uso de la terapia de presión positiva en la vía aérea (PAP).
Psychoeducation is a complementary alternative to the usual treatments for patients with sleep apnea, which allows them to learn to know their disease. It is related to the field of mental health and allows the affected patients to identify their nosological entity and to cooperate in a participatory and active way in the established treatment.
In order to treat sleep apnea, that patients know the characteristics of the disease and the treatment is important since they become aware of it, thus achieving greater adherence to the treatments. There are several types of therapy: individual therapy, which is characterized as support provided by mental health professionals to the patient; couple and family therapy, which offer psychological help for the management of sleep apnea and its side effects, and group therapy, which educates about the entity and its treatment by sharing positive experiences with the group. Field intervention at work and progressive desensitization and relaxation techniques are also used to improve the adhesion to positive pressure in the airway (PAP) therapy.
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Derechos de autor 2017 Revista de la Facultad de Medicina
Esta obra está bajo una licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento 3.0 Unported.
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