Publicado

2025-12-20

Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia

Biocontrol fungi against Phytophthora sp. isolated from the bud of the oil palm in Chigorodó Antioquia

Palabras clave:

Biocontrol, Endófitos, Fitopatógeno, Pesticidas, Pudrición de cogollo (es)
Biocontrol, Bud rot, Endophytes, Pesticides, Phytopathogen (en)

Autores/as

La pudrición de cogollo (PC) es una enfermedad producida por Phytophthora sp., que ha afectado plantaciones enteras en distintos países siendo un limitante en la palmicultura. El uso de pesticidas afecta en gran medida el suelo, reduciendo la fertilidad y favoreciendo el deterioro ambiental. Los hongos endófitos producen compuestos que favorecen a las plantas ejerciendo control biológico. En este estudio se aislaron hongos del cogollo de la palma de aceite con potencial antagónico, con el fin de determinar su capacidad de biocontrol e identificar su género. Para esto, se tomaron 44 muestras de cogollos de palma de aceite en régimen bimodal de lluvia y sequía. Se realizaron pruebas de antagonismo in vitro con los morfotipos aislados, se realizó un análisis estadístico, se calculó la capacidad inhibitoria de estos y posteriormente se realizó la identificación a nivel de género. Se identificó un total de seis cepas de hongos con capacidad antagónica con porcentajes eficientes de inhibición frente a Phytophthora sp. de las cuales se destaca la cepa M3E (96 % de inhibición) y M23E (92 %). Algunos hongos como Aspergillus niger y Mucor hiemalis se encontraron en lluvia y sequía, lo que sugiere que pueden ser usados para el biocontrol en estos dos periodos.

Bud rot (BR) is a disease caused by Phytophthora sp., which has affected entire plantations in various countries, limiting the oil palm industry. Pesticide use significantly impacts the soil, reducing fertility and contributing to environmental degradation. Endophytic fungi produce compounds that benefit plants by exerting biological control. Therefore, this research aims to isolate fungi from oil palm buds with antagonistic potential, determine their biocontrol capacity, and identify their genus. To this end, 44 oil palm bud samples were collected under bimodal rainy and dry conditions. Antagonism tests were performed with the isolated morphotypes, a statistical analysis was conducted, their inhibitory capacity was calculated, and subsequently, identification to the genus level was carried out. A total of six fungal strains with antagonistic capacity were identified, demonstrating efficient inhibition percentages against Phytophthora sp. Of these, the M3E strain (96 % inhibition) and M23E (92 %) stand out. Some fungi, such as Aspergillus niger and Mucor hiemalis, were found in both rainy and dry conditions, suggesting their potential use for biocontrol during these two periods.

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Cómo citar

APA

Vélez-Campo, L. C., Berrio-Arias, P., Valencia-Martínez, C., Buitrago-Arias , S. A. & Múnera-Porras, L. M. (2025). Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia. Acta Biológica Colombiana, 30(3). https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol/article/view/116904

ACM

[1]
Vélez-Campo, L.C., Berrio-Arias, P., Valencia-Martínez, C., Buitrago-Arias , S.A. y Múnera-Porras, L.M. 2025. Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia. Acta Biológica Colombiana. 30, 3 (sep. 2025).

ACS

(1)
Vélez-Campo, L. C.; Berrio-Arias, P.; Valencia-Martínez, C.; Buitrago-Arias , S. A.; Múnera-Porras, L. M. Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia. Acta biol. Colomb. 2025, 30.

ABNT

VÉLEZ-CAMPO, L. C.; BERRIO-ARIAS, P.; VALENCIA-MARTÍNEZ, C.; BUITRAGO-ARIAS , S. A.; MÚNERA-PORRAS, L. M. Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia. Acta Biológica Colombiana, [S. l.], v. 30, n. 3, 2025. Disponível em: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol/article/view/116904. Acesso em: 27 dic. 2025.

Chicago

Vélez-Campo, Laura Camila, Pamela Berrio-Arias, Catalina Valencia-Martínez, Sergio Andres Buitrago-Arias, y Luisa María Múnera-Porras. 2025. «Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia». Acta Biológica Colombiana 30 (3). https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol/article/view/116904.

Harvard

Vélez-Campo, L. C., Berrio-Arias, P., Valencia-Martínez, C., Buitrago-Arias , S. A. y Múnera-Porras, L. M. (2025) «Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia», Acta Biológica Colombiana, 30(3). Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol/article/view/116904 (Accedido: 27 diciembre 2025).

IEEE

[1]
L. C. Vélez-Campo, P. Berrio-Arias, C. Valencia-Martínez, S. A. Buitrago-Arias, y L. M. Múnera-Porras, «Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia», Acta biol. Colomb., vol. 30, n.º 3, sep. 2025.

MLA

Vélez-Campo, L. C., P. Berrio-Arias, C. Valencia-Martínez, S. A. Buitrago-Arias, y L. M. Múnera-Porras. «Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia». Acta Biológica Colombiana, vol. 30, n.º 3, septiembre de 2025, https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol/article/view/116904.

Turabian

Vélez-Campo, Laura Camila, Pamela Berrio-Arias, Catalina Valencia-Martínez, Sergio Andres Buitrago-Arias, y Luisa María Múnera-Porras. «Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia». Acta Biológica Colombiana 30, no. 3 (septiembre 12, 2025). Accedido diciembre 27, 2025. https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol/article/view/116904.

Vancouver

1.
Vélez-Campo LC, Berrio-Arias P, Valencia-Martínez C, Buitrago-Arias SA, Múnera-Porras LM. Hongos biocontroladores frente a Phytophthora sp. aislados del cogollo de la palma de aceite en Chigorodó Antioquia. Acta biol. Colomb. [Internet]. 12 de septiembre de 2025 [citado 27 de diciembre de 2025];30(3). Disponible en: https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol/article/view/116904

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