Publicado

2016-01-01

Efecto del genotipo sobre la regeneración in vitro de Stevia rebaudiana a través de embriogénesis somática

Effect of genotype on the in vitro regeneration of Stevia rebaudiana via somatic embryogenesis

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v21n1.47382

Palabras clave:

in vitro propagation, natural sweetener, somatic embryo, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 2-isopentenyl adenine (2iP).ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D), embriones somáticos, endulzante natural, propagación in vitro, 2-isopenteniladenina (2iP). (es)
In vitro propagation, natural sweetener, somatic embryo, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), 2-isopentenyl adenine (2iP) (en)

Autores/as

  • Esther Julia Naranjo Universidad de Antioquia
  • Osman Fernandez Betin Universidad de Antioquia
  • Aura Inés Urrea Trujillo Universidad de Antioquia
  • Ricardo Callejas Posada Universidad de Antioquia
  • Lucía Atehortúa Garcés Universidad de Antioquia

Stevia rebaudiana (Asteraceae), es una planta de gran importancia económica debido a sus propiedades medicinales y a la presencia de compuestos endulzantes en sus hojas, los cuales pueden sustituir la sacarosa en gran variedad de productos utilizados por personas con problemas de diabetes y obesidad. Con el propósito de estandarizar un método de propagación eficiente y efectivo para diferentes genotipos de Stevia cultivados en Colombia, en la presente investigación se evaluó el efecto sobre la inducción y desarrollo de embriones somáticos de diferentes combinaciones de los reguladores de crecimiento vegetal 2,4-D, IAA, IBA, 2iP y Zeatina, además de los suplementos adenina y agua de coco en el medio de cultivo basal Murashige y Skoog (1962), adicionado con glutamina. Con la combinación 2,4-D (18.09 µM) y 2iP (7.38 µM) se obtuvo el mayor número embriones somáticos por explante con características bien definidas. El genotipo tuvo un efecto significativo en la repuesta embriogénica, en el genotipo "SRQ-93" se logró la formación y el desarrollo de embriones somáticos, mientras que en los genotipos "Bertoni" y "Morita II", solo se obtuvo callo embriogénico y no embriogénico respectivamente. La conversión a plántulas se alcanzó en el medio de regeneración conteniendo GA3 (0.29 µM) y carbón activado.

Stevia rebaudiana (Asteraceae) is a plant of economic importance because of its medicinal properties and the presence of sweetener compounds on its leaves. These compounds can be a substitute for sucrose in a wide variety of products used by persons with diabetes and obesity problems. To standardize an efficient and effective propagation method for the different Stevia genotypes grown in Colombia, this study evaluated the effect of different combinations of the plant growth regulators 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 6-(gamma, gamma-dimethylallylamino) purine (2iP) and Zeatin on the induction and development of somatic embryos. Adenine and coconut water were also evaluated as supplements in the basal culture medium Murashige and Skoog Basal Salt Mixture (MS) with glutamine. The combination of 2,4-D (18.09 µM) and 2iP (7.38 µM) produced the highest number of somatic embryos per explant, which had well-defined characteristics. The genotype showed a significant effect on the embryogenic response. In the "SRQ-93" genotype, the formation and development of somatic embryos was achieved, whereas the genotypes "Bertoni" and "Morita II" only yielded embryogenic and non-embryogenic calli, respectively. The conversion to seedlings was achieved on the regeneration medium containing gibberellic acid (GA3) (0.29 µM) and activated charcoal.

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Efecto del genotipo sobre la regeneración in vitro de Stevia rebaudiana a través de embriogénesis somática. (2016). Acta Biológica Colombiana, 21(1), 87-98. https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v21n1.47382