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GENETIC DIVERSITY OF Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia IN AN ENDEMIC AREA OF AMERICAN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS, STATE OF PARANÁ, BRAZIL
Diversidad genética de Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia en un área endémica de leishmaniasis cutánea americana del estado de Paraná, Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v26n3.84619Palabras clave:
intraspecific variation, molecular epidemiology, phenetic analysis, Phlebotominae (en)análisis fenético, epidemiología molecular, Phlebotominae, variación intraespecífica (es)
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Lutzomyia intermedia (Diptera: Psychodidae) features as one of the main vectors that are involved in the transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the Neotropical region. However, genetic studies involving this taxon are still incipient and important for understanding the level of variability of different populations, their role, and implications as vectors. The aim of this study was to determine the level of genetic diversity of L. intermedia present in the Ribeira River Valley, an area of ACL transmission in the state of Paraná, Brazil, through the Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Two municipalities were chosen to collect sand flies: Cerro Azul (new transmission area of the ACL) and Adrianópolis (endemic area of the ACL). The insects were captured in the house, in the peridomicile and in the wild (forest). Two of the used markers made it possible to estimate the polymorphism of the studied populations, resulting in 40 genotypes, most of them from peridomicile. The dendrogram generated by the analysis with the primer A10 showed different degrees of similarity, suggesting that there may be gene flow in the studied populations. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO) with the A2 primer, was useful in grouping L. intermedia according to its ecological and geographical origin. There was no distinction between the lineages composing the L. intermedia complex. The results of this study, with the record of great genotypic diversity in L. intermedia, may contribute to explain the maintenance of the life cycle of Leishmania braziliensis (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in the region.
Lutzomyia intermedia (Diptera: Psychodidae) es uno de los principales vectores que participan en la transmisión de leishmaniasis cutánea americana (LCA) en la región Neotropical. A pesar de que aún los estudios genéticos que involucran a este taxón son incipientes, tienen una gran importancia para comprender el nivel de variabilidad de las diferentes poblaciones y sus implicaciones en su papel vectorial. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el nivel de diversidad genética de L. intermedia presente en el Valle del Río Ribeira, área de transmisión de LCA en el estado de Paraná, Brasil, mediante RAPD (ADN polimórfico amplificado aleatoriamente). Los flebótomos fueron recolectados en los municipios Cerro Azul (nueva área de transmisión de LCA) y Adrianópolis (área endémica de LCA), donde fueron capturados en ambientes residenciales, en el peridomicilio y en el bosque. Dos de los marcadores utilizados permitieron estimar el polimorfismo en las poblaciones estudiadas con la obtención de 40 genotipos, la mayoría de ellos en el peridomicilio. El dendrograma generado por el análisis con el cebador A10 mostró diferentes grados de similitud, lo que sugiere que puede haber flujo génico en las poblaciones. El Análisis de Coordenadas Principales (PCO) con el cebador A2 fue útil para agrupar L. intermedia según su origen ecológico y geográfico. No hubo distinción entre los linajes que componen el complejo L. intermedia. Los resultados de este estudio, con el registro de gran diversidad genotípica en L. intermedia, pueden contribuir a explicar el mantenimiento del ciclo biológico de Leishmania braziliensis (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) en la región.
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