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ABUNDANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROPLASTICS IN MARKET BIVALVE Aulacomya Atra (MYTILIDAE: BIVALVIA)
Abundancia y características de microplásticos en el bivalvo comercial Aulacomya atra (Mytilidae: Bivalvia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v27n2.88832Palabras clave:
Microfibre, Nanoplastic, Peru, Plastic debris, Mussel (en)Contaminación, Fragmentos plásticos, Microfibra, Nanoplástico, Perú (es)
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Seafood contamination with microplastics is one major route for human intake. Shellfish are among the most important since most shellfish species are eaten fresh and entirely. The aim of the present study was to report the abundance and characteristics of microplastics in commercial bivalve Aulacomya atra sold in fisheries from three Peruvian provinces. Market surveys were carried out and standard microplastic extraction, observation, and analysis methods were conducted. The mean microplastic abundance in the three provinces was 0.56 ± 0.08 MP g-1. Lima, the most populated province in Peru, presented the highest concentration (1.04 ± 0.17 MP g-1). The majority of the microplastics were fiber/lines (58.8 %) and blue (40.5 %). The polymer identity of most fiber/lines was polyester, suggesting microfibers that shed from clothes during laundry may be one major source of contamination. Other identified polymers were polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS). The annual dietary microplastic intake by the Peruvian population was estimated to be ~48.18 MP person-1 year-1 via A. atra consumption only, although values could vary depending on the region. The need for a better supply chain, handling conditions, and further research are discussed.
La contaminación de comida marina con microplásticos es una ruta importante para la ingesta humana. Los mariscos se encuentran entre los más importantes, ya que la mayoría de las especies se comen frescos y enteros. El objetivo del presente estudio fue reportar la abundancia y las características de los microplásticos en el bivalvo comercial Aulacomya atra vendido en pesquerías de tres provincias peruanas. Se llevaron a cabo muestreos en mercados y se realizaron métodos estándar de extracción, observación y análisis de microplásticos. La abundancia media de microplásticos en las tres provincias fue de 0,56 ± 0,08 MP g-1. Lima, la provincia más poblada del Perú, presentó la concentración más alta (1,04 ± 0,17 MP g-1). La mayoría de los microplásticos eran fibra/líneas (58,8 %) y de color azul (40,5 %). La identidad del polímero de la mayoría de las fibras/líneas fue identificado como poliéster, lo que sugiere que las microfibras que se desprenden de la ropa durante el lavado pueden ser una fuente importante de contaminación. Otros polímeros identificados fueron polietileno (PE), polipropileno (PP) y poliestireno (PS). La ingesta anual de microplásticos en la dieta de la población peruana se estimó en ~48,18 MP persona-1 año-1 a través del consumo de A. atra solamente, aunque los valores pueden variar según la región. Se discute la necesidad de una mejor cadena de suministro, condiciones de manejo e investigaciones a futuro.
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