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Influence of land use and occupation on water quality and on the diatom community of reservoirs in northeast Brazil
INFLUENCIA DEL USO Y OCUPACIÓN DE SUELO EN LA CALIDAD DEL AGUA Y EN LA COMUNIDAD DE DIATOMEAS DE EMBALSES EN EL NORESTE DE BRASIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/abc.v27n2.89391Palabras clave:
Bacillariophyta, eutrophication, geographic information system, semi-arid zone (en)Bacillariophyta, eutrofización, sistema de información geográfica, zona semiarida (es)
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Historically, the reduction in water quality has been associated with changes in land use, especially changes in urbanization and expansion of agricultural frontiers. The objective of this study was to understand the characteristics of the diatomological community and the use and occupation of the soil around three reservoirs (Arara, Rio do Canto and Araçagi) and natural lagoon (Lagoa do Paó) (Northeast Brazil). Land use was determined using high spatial resolution satellite images. Abiotic variables of water and total phosphorus, organic matter and diatoms in surface sediments were analyzed. Abiotic variables and assemblages of diatoms were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Four types of land use have been identified, associated with anthropogenic change and intensive use of the landscape. The PCA separated the reservoirs by trophic status based on the total phosphorus in the water. 24 taxa of diatoms distributed in 12 genera and 10 families were identified in the sediment. Our results indicate the occurrence of planktonic, epiphytic and benthic diatoms adapted to different trophic gradients
Históricamente, la reducción de la calidad del agua se ha asociado con cambios en el uso del suelo, especialmente cambios en la urbanización y expansión de las fronteras agrícolas. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer las características de la comunidad diatomológica y el uso y ocupación del suelo alrededor de tres embalses (Arara, Rio do Canto y Araçagi) y en una laguna natural (Lagoa do Paó) (Nordeste de Brasil). El uso de la tierra se determinó mediante imágenes de satélite de alta resolución espacial. Se analizaron variables abióticas de agua y fósforo total, materia orgánica y diatomeas en sedimentos superficiales. Las variables abióticas y los ensamblajes de diatomeas se analizaron mediante el análisis de componentes principales (PCA). Se han identificado cuatro tipos de uso del suelo, asociados al cambio antropogénico y al uso intensivo del paisaje. El PCA separó los reservorios por estado trófico basado en el fósforo total en el agua. En el sedimento se identificaron 24 taxones de diatomeas distribuidos en 12 géneros y 10 familias. Nuestros resultados indican la ocurrencia de diatomeas planctónicas, epífitas y bentónicas adaptadas a diferentes gradientes tróficos
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