Publicado

2018-12-21

Exploraciones sobre la cultura del software libre o abierto como metáfora de la colaboración en la sociedad en red

Explorations of the free or open software as a metaphor of society’s collaboration in the Web.

Explorations sur la culture du logiciel libre comme métaphore de la collaboration dans la société en réseaux.

Esplorazioni sulla cultura del software libero / aperto come metafora della collaborazione nella società interconnessa.

Explorações sobre a cultura do software livre ou aberto como metáfora da colaboração na sociedade em rede.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15446/actio.n2.96005

Palabras clave:

studi di software, studi in scienza e tecnologia, software libero o di codici aperti FLOSS, cultura maker, società in rete (es)
studi di software, studi in scienza e tecnologia, aswñ´w´w2ñ´2wq´ñ`2w2p'2 (it)
estudos de software, estudos em ciência e tecnologia, software livre ou de código aberto FLOSS, cultura maker, sociedade em rede (pt)
software studies, studies in science and technology, free or open code software FLOSS, maker culture, web society (en)
études de logiciel, études en science et technologie, logiciel libre ou à code source ouvert FLOSS, culture maker, société en réseaux (fr)

Autores/as

  • Luis Fernando Medina Cardona Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Este artículo presenta un análisis sobre la cultura del software, en particular, del llamado software libre o abierto. Para ello establece como base la metáfora de la colaboración, es decir, revisa cómo su modelo de producción se ha convertido en una plantilla para otros procesos y disciplinas. Dado que el objeto de análisis es complejo y permea varios aspectos actuales, el abordaje metodológico es interdisciplinar y emplea la perspectiva de los estudios de software, con la ayuda de los estudios en ciencias, tecnología, sociedad, la ingeniería de software y la arqueología de medios. Así, se suministran varios ejemplos históricos de colaboración tanto en el software como en las redes de computadores. Finalmente, se discuten algunas definiciones como red sociotécnica, colectivo y los tres tipos de agencia que históricamente se han visto en el software. Particularmente, la agencia distribuida es de ayuda para contrastar la metáfora de la colaboración en un caso de estudio futuro representado por la cultura maker.

This article offers an analysis of software culture, more specifically of the so-called free or open software. To this effect, it establishes as its base the metaphor of collaboration, that is, it shows how its production model has become a template for other processes and disciplines. Given that the object of analysis is complex and permeates several present-day aspects, the methodological approach is interdisciplinary and uses the perspective of software studies, together with studies in science, technology, society, software engineering and media archeology. Thus, several historical examples of collaboration are offered, both in software and in computer webs. Finally, some definitions such as that of the socio-technical web, collective and the three types of agency historically present in software are discussed. More specifically, distributed agency is helpful for contrasting the collaboration metaphor in a future study case represented by the maker culture.

Cet article présente une analyse au sujet de la culture du logiciel, en particulier le logiciel libre ou ouvert. Pour cela on prend comme base la métaphore de la collaboration et on examine comment son modèle de production est devenu un patron pour d’autres processus et disciplines. L’objet de l’analyse étant complexe et touchant à divers aspects actuels, l’approche méthodologique est interdisciplinaire, on adopte la perspective des études en informatique avec l’appui des études en science, technologie et société, du génie logiciel et de l’archéologie des médias. On expose divers exemples historiques de collaboration dans le logiciel et les réseaux d’ordinateurs. Enfin, on examine quelques définitions, comme réseau sociotechnique, collectif et les trois types d’architecture que le logiciel a connus dans son histoire. En particulier, l’architecture distribuée met en évidence la métaphore de la collaboration dans un cas d’étude futur représenté par la culture maker.

L’articolo presenta l’analisi sulla cultura del software, in particolare di quello conosciuto come libero oppure aperto. Sulla base della metafora della collaborazione, si riflette sul modello di produzione che è diventato sagoma per diversi processi e discipline. L’approccio metodologico è interdisciplinare, si serve della prospettiva non solo degli studi di software odierni, ma anche degli studi in scienze, tecnologia, società, l’ingegneria del software e l’archeologia dei media, visto che l’oggetto d’analisi è piuttosto complesso e riguarda diversi aspetti dell’attualità. Si presentano alcuni esempi storici di collaborazione così in software come in reti informatiche. Verso la fine, si considerano alcune definizioni: rete sociotecnica, collettivo e i tre tipi di agenzia che storicamente hanno esistito nei software. L’agenzia distribuita serve per contrastare la metafora della collaborazione in un caso di studio di futuro rappresentato dalla cultura maker

Este artigo apresenta uma análise sobre a cultura do software, particularmente, o denominado software livre ou aberto. Para isso, estabelece como base a metáfora da colaboração, isto é, revê a forma como seu modelo de produção tornou-se modelo para outros processos e disciplinas. Visto que objeto de análise é complexo e permeia várias questões atuais, a abordagem metodológica é interdisciplinar e emprega a perspectiva dos estudos de software, com base nos estudos em ciências, tecnologia, sociedade, a engenharia de software e arqueologia de mídia. Portanto, apresentam-se vários exemplos históricos de colaboração tanto no software quanto nas redes de computadores. Finalmente, discutem-se algumas definições como rede sociotécnica, coletivo e os três tipos de agência historicamente vistos no software. Particularmente, a agência distribuída é útil no contraste da metáfora da colaboração em um estudo de caso futuro representado pela cultura maker.

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