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Urban Agroforestry Backyards and their Role in Transmitting Knowledge about Medicinal Plants in Marajó Island, Pará, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ma.v17n2.119046Palabras clave:
Traditional knowledge, home remedies, etnopharmacology. (en)Conocimiento tradicional, remedios caseros, etnofarmacología (es)
conhecimento tradicional, remédios caseiros, etnofarmacologia (pt)
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Ethnobiological studies can be divided into fields to better encompass various biotic phenomena. This study lies within the field of ethnopharmacology, from the perspective of urban agro-ecosystems. It was carried out in urban backyards in the municipality of Soure, Ilha do Marajó, Pará. Interviews were conducted with the aid of forms in order to survey socioeconomic aspects and the characteristics of the backyards, as well as to identify the plant species used for medicinal purposes in the communities. Whenever possible, guided tours were also carried out to collect biological material. The data were tabulated in spreadsheets, and the collected plants were identified to determine their scientific names, herborized, and deposited in the Marlene Freitas da Silva (MFS) herbarium of Universidade do Estado do Pará. Interviews were conducted with 80 participants, mostly women aged 40-80 years, of low income, with schooling up to elementary education. A total of 67 species were identified, and different plants were mentioned in each neighborhood. The knowledge transmission route was predominantly vertical, from one generation to another within the same family. Regarding the criteria for the selection of plants, appearance was more frequently mentioned by the interviewees. This study highlights the importance of backyards as spaces for the conservation of biodiversity and culture, as well as for maintaining traditional health and food safety practices. It is concluded that it is essential to strengthen institutional support to value and preserve these spaces, in addition to promoting the integration between traditional knowledge and environmental conservation and sustainable development practices.
Los estudios etnobiológicos pueden dividirse en campos para abarcar mejor los diversos fenómenos bióticos. Este estudio se inscribe en el campo de la etnofarmacología, desde la perspectiva de los agroecosistemas urbanos. Se realizó en patios urbanos del municipio de Soure, Isla de Marajó, Pará. Se llevaron a cabo entrevistas con la ayuda de formularios, con el fin de relevar aspectos socioeconómicos y las características de los patios, así como identificar las especies vegetales utilizadas con fines medicinales en las comunidades. Siempre que fue posible, también se realizaron recorridos guiados para la recolección de material biológico. Los datos se tabularon en hojas de cálculo, y las plantas recolectadas fueron identificadas para determinar sus nombres científicos, herborizadas y depositadas en el herbario Marlene Freitas da Silva (MFS) de la Universidad del Estado de Pará. Se entrevistó a 80 participantes, en su mayoría mujeres de entre 40 y 80 años, de bajos ingresos y con escolaridad hasta la educación primaria. Se identificaron 67 especies, y en cada barrio se mencionaron plantas diferentes. La vía de transmisión del conocimiento fue predominantemente vertical, de una generación a otra dentro de la misma familia. En cuanto a los criterios de selección de las plantas, la apariencia fue el más mencionado por los entrevistados. Este estudio destaca la importancia de los patios como espacios de conservación de la biodiversidad y de la cultura, así como de mantenimiento de prácticas tradicionales de salud y de seguridad alimentaria. Se concluye que es fundamental fortalecer el apoyo institucional para valorar y preservar estos espacios, además de promover la integración entre los saberes tradicionales y las prácticas de conservación ambiental y desarrollo sostenible.
Os estudos etnobiológicos podem ser divididos em campos para melhor abranger os diversos fenômenos bióticos. Este estudo se insere no campo da etnofarmacologia, sob a perspectiva dos agroecossistemas urbanos. Foi realizado em quintais urbanos do município de Soure, Ilha do Marajó, Pará. Foram conduzidas entrevistas com o auxílio de formulários, a fim de levantar aspectos socioeconômicos e as características dos quintais, bem como identificar as espécies vegetais utilizadas para fins medicinais nas comunidades. Sempre que possível, também foram realizadas turnês guiadas para a coleta de material biológico. Os dados foram tabulados em planilhas, e as plantas coletadas foram identificadas para determinação dos nomes científicos, herborizadas e depositadas no herbário Marlene Freitas da Silva (MFS) da Universidade do Estado do Pará. Foram entrevistados 80 participantes, em sua maioria mulheres com idade entre 40 e 80 anos, de baixa renda e com escolaridade até o ensino fundamental. Foram identificadas 67 espécies, sendo citadas plantas diferentes em cada bairro. A via de transmissão do conhecimento foi predominantemente vertical, de uma geração para outra dentro da mesma família. Quanto aos critérios de seleção das plantas, a aparência foi o mais frequentemente mencionado pelos entrevistados. Este estudo destaca a importância dos quintais como espaços de conservação da biodiversidade e da cultura, bem como de manutenção de práticas tradicionais de saúde e de segurança alimentar. Conclui-se que é fundamental fortalecer o apoio institucional para valorizar e preservar esses espaços, além de promover a integração entre os saberes tradicionais e as práticas de conservação ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Adriane Trindade Sarah, Thyago Gonçalves Miranda, Breno Pinto Rayol, Ana Cláudia Caldeira Tavares Martins
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