Comercialización de artesanía indígena y noción de tradición en Guayana francesa: hacia una nueva terminología
Amerindian handicraft and notion of tradition in french Guyana: Toward a new terminology
Keywords:
artesanía, saberes tradicionales, Guayana francesa, cestería amerindia. (es)handicraft, traditional knowledge, French Guayana, basketry-amerindians. (en)
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El contexto actual de modernidad en el que viven las sociedades amerindias de Guayana francesa induce a un cambio en las prácticas artesanales. Algunas técnicas desaparecen, otras persisten, pero la comercialización de objetos inicialmente destinados al uso doméstico crece cada vez más. Conjuntamente, esa producción artesanal alimenta de manera creciente una identidad étnica, reivindicada por los pueblos mismos o reconocida afuera de sus propias comunidades. Los deseos de valorización de una artesanía "tradicional", de conocimientos "ancestrales" empiezan a aflorar. Este artículo discutirá la comercialización contemporánea de esta artesanía, apoyando nuestros ejemplos con la actividad cestera. Por medio de casos escogidos en las diversas comunidades indígenas de Guayana francesa, se discuten las nociones ambiguas de objetos 'tradicionales' y 'modernos'. Y propone una nueva terminología con el objetivo de comprender mejor la realidad contemporánea de la artesanía indígena.
The current context of modernity which lives the Amerindian societies of French Guyana infers indisputably a change in their handicraft practice. Few techniques disappear others persist but almost the marketing of objects, initially used for domestic purposes, increases a lot. Collectively, this craft production supports more and more an ethnic identity that it is claimed by the peoples himself either recognized outside of their community. The vague desires of valuation of a "traditional" handicraft, of "ancestral" knowledge are daylight. So, we shall discuss the contemporary marketing of this handicraft by pressing our examples on the activity of basketwork. Through examples drawn to diverse Amerindian communities living in French Guiana we shall approach the ambiguous notions of "traditional" and " modern" item. Finally, we shall propose a new terminology to dread better the contemporary reality of the Amerindian handicraft.
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