Lengua nonuya y conservación lingüística: algunas reflexiones
The Nonuya language and linguistic conservation: some considerations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ma.v6n2.52401Keywords:
nonuya, familia Witoto, muerte de las lenguas, ecología lingüística, paisaje lingüístico, conservación lingüística (es)Nonuya, Witotoan, language death, language ecology, linguistic landscape, linguistic conservation (en)
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Desde los años setenta se encendieron las alarmas frente al fenómeno de desplazamiento acelerado que conllevaba la muerte de muchas lenguas del mundo, especialmente de lenguas minoritarias con reducido número de hablantes, primordialmente orales y ágrafas, altamente susceptibles a las influencias sociales, culturales y económicas que acarrean consigo las lenguas mayoritarias. La situación de las lenguas nativas colombianas no se aleja de esa realidad, y se puede afirmar que todas ellas tienen diferentes grados de amenaza. Por tal motivo, y con particular interés en la lengua nonuya o nononotá, en el presente artículo nos enfocamos en esta lengua endémica colombiana, de la familia lingüística Witoto, clasificada como en riesgo crítico de extinción, para proponer algunas reflexiones en torno a la muerte, el mantenimiento y la revitalización lingüística, en el marco de lo aquí osamos llamar conservación lingüística. Como reflexiones en torno al nonuya, presentamos una breve contextualización sociohistórica, el paisaje lingüístico de Peña Roja (donde viven los descendientes de esta lengua) y algunos aspectos de las iniciativas actuales de lucha por la supervivencia. Finalmente, discutimos la relevancia de este tipo de acercamientos, proponiendo una interacción más fuerte entre ciencias biológicas y lingüística para hacer frente a fenómenos de desplazamiento y muerte lingüística, desde una visión más amplia.
Since the 70s, alarms went on about the phenomenon of accelerated language displacement, which involved the death of many languages in the world, especially minority languages with few speakers; primarily oral and without writing systems; highly susceptible to social, cultural and economic influences from majority languages. The situation of Colombian native languages is not far from that reality, allowing stating that they all have different degrees of threat. Therefore, and with a particular interest in the Nonuya language or nononotá, we focus in this article on this endemic Colombian language of the Witotoan linguistic family, classified as critically endangered, to propose some reflections on language death, maintenance and revitalization, in the frame of what we dare to call linguistic preservation. In relation to the Nonuya situation, we present a brief socio-historical contextualization, the linguistic landscape of Peña Roja (where the survivors of this language live), as well as some aspects of current initiatives for its survival. Finally, we discuss the relevance of this type of approach, proposing a stronger interaction between biological and linguistic sciences to deal with phenomena of language displacement and death, from a broader vantage point.
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1. Eliécer Moreno (Sika), Elias Moreno, Virgelina Gómez, Evelio Moreno, Sonia Rodríguez, Margarita Gómez, Esteban Moreno, Jair Moreno, Kathy Moreno, Blasiney Moreno, Didier Moreno, Nubia Anibal, Guillermo Alfonso Viasús Quintero, Isabel Victoria Romero Cruz, Juan Alvaro Echeverri. (2017). Un nuevo capítulo en la recuperación de la lengua nonuya: testimonio de una experiencia reciente. Mundo Amazónico, 8(2) https://doi.org/10.15446/ma.v8n2.67156.
2. Juan Álvaro Echeverri. (2021). Documentación y recuperación de la lengua nonuya de la Amazonia colombiana. Visitas al Patio, 15(2), p.146. https://doi.org/10.32997/RVP-vol.15-num.2-2021-3684.
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Copyright (c) 2015 Isabel Victoria Romero Cruz

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