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Physicochemical, Rheological, and Thermal Properties of Pot-Honey from the Stingless Bee Melipona beecheii
Propiedades fisicoquímicas, reológicas y térmicas de la miel de pote de la abeja nativa sin aguijón Melipona beecheii
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.103232Keywords:
Melipona beecheii pot-honey, physicochemical characterization, rheology, differential scanning calorimetry (en)miel de Melipona beecheii, caracterización fisicoquímica, reología, calorimetría diferencial de barrido (es)
The availability of data on physicochemical properties is crucial to direct efforts towards identifying the quality standards of the Neotropical stingless bee Melipona beecheii’s pot-honey. In this vein, other properties apart from those typically considered for Apis mellifera could also be relevant in characterizing the honey of this stingless bee. The physicochemical, rheological, and thermal properties of pot-honey from Melipona beecheii (Yucatán, México) were analyzed. Samples were collected from two annual harvests (2018 and 2019) and from a rural and an urban location. Free acidity, moisture, total reducing sugars, diastase activity, hydroxymethylfurfural content, and electrical conductivity were measured using standard techniques. The rheological and thermal behaviors were determined via Couette rheometry and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. The physicochemical properties of Melipona beecheii pot-honey can be incorporated into a general quality specification for honey of the Neotropical Melipona genus, or as the basis for a regional (Mesoamerican) standardization of honey from this particular bee species. The rheological analyses indicated the Newtonian behavior of Melipona honey in the full studied range of 10-40 °C (7,545-244 cp), showing dynamic viscosities significantly lower than those expected for Apis mellifera honey, primarily due to its high water content. Two main endothermic transitions were detected via differential scanning calorimetry: at 96-162 °C and at 169-230 °C. The Apis mellifera honey samples showed the same thermal transitions but differed from Melipona beecheii honey in their peak temperatures and enthalpies.
La disponibilidad de datos de propiedades fisicoquímicas es fundamental para direccionar esfuerzos hacia la identificación de los estándares de calidad de la miel de pote de Melipona beecheii. En este contexto, otras propiedades diferentes de aquellas típicamente consideradas para Apis mellifera podrían también ser relevantes para caracterizar la miel de esta abeja sin aguijón. Se analizaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas, reológicas y térmicas de la miel de pote de Melipona beecheii (Yucatán, México). Se recolectaron muestras de dos temporadas de cosecha anuales (2018 y 2019) y de una locación rural y una urbana. Empleando técnicas estándar, se midieron la acidez libre, la humedad, los azúcares reductores totales, la actividad diastásica, el contenido hidroximetilfurfural y la conductividad eléctrica. Los comportamientos reológico y térmico se determinaron por reometría tipo Couette y calorimetría diferencial de barrido respectivamente. Las propiedades fisicoquímicas de la miel de pote de Melipona beecheii se pueden incorporar a una especificación general de calidad para la miel de género Neotropical Melipona, o como base para una estandarización regional (Mesoamericana) de la miel de esta especie particular de abeja. Los análisis reológicos indicaron el comportamiento Newtoniano de la miel de Melipona para todo el rango estudiado de 10-40 °C (7,545-244 cp), mostrando viscosidades dinámicas significativamente menores que aquellas esperadas en la miel de Apis mellifera, primordialmente debido a su mayor contenido de agua. Se detectaron dos transiciones endotérmicas relevantes por calorimetría diferencial de barrido: a 96-162 °C y a 169-230 °C. Las muestras de miel de Apis mellifera presentaron las mismas transiciones térmicas, pero discreparon de la miel de Melipona beecheii en la temperaturas pico y las entalpías.
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Copyright (c) 2023 Larry Yah-Rosales, Luis Chel-Guerrero, Julio Sacramento-Rivero, Sergio A. Baz-Rodríguez
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