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Influence of Expanded Clay Aggregate on the Engineering Properties of Lightweight Concrete
Influencia del agregado de arcilla expandida en las propiedades de ingeniería del hormigón ligero
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.106174Keywords:
expanded clay aggregate, lightweight concrete, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, superplasticizer (en)agregado de arcilla expandida, hormigón ligero, resistencia a la compresión, resistencia a la tracción por división (es)
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In seismically active locations, civil infrastructures, such as buildings, bridges, and dams, are frequently subjected to earthquakes. Using lightweight construction materials is one method for enhancing the seismic resistance of infrastructure. This study examined the engineering properties of lightweight concrete manufactured using expanded clay aggregate, with the purpose of developing sustainable and environmentally friendly building materials. Laboratory tests focused on the effects of the aggregate shape and the supplementary superplasticizer, as well as on the influence of the concrete age. Experimental studies were conducted to measure fresh (slump) and hardened properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and density). The expanded clay aggregate was produced by burning at a temperature of 800 to 1 200 °C. Cubic, oval, and round aggregate shapes with a maximum size of 20 mm were evaluated. This study also examined the effect of superplasticizers on the engineering properties of lightweight concrete. The composition of the superplasticizer varied from 0 to 2,5%. According to the experimental results, the engineering properties of lightweight concrete made with oval aggregates are advantageous in comparison with those using cubic and round shapes. It is also demonstrated that optimal amounts of superplasticizer are necessary to develop materials with adequate properties. It can be concluded that expanded clay aggregate can be used as an alternative material to produce lightweight concrete.
En lugares sísmicamente activos, las infraestructuras civiles, como edificios, puentes y represas, están frecuentemente sujetas a terremotos. El uso de materiales de construcción livianos es un método para mejorar la resistencia sísmica de la infraestructura. Este estudio examinó las propiedades de ingeniería del hormigón ligero fabricado con agregado de arcilla expandida, con el objetivo de desarrollar materiales de construcción sostenibles y respetuosos con el medio ambiente. Las pruebas de laboratorio se enfocaron en los efectos de la forma del agregado y el superplastificante suplementario, así como en la influencia de la edad del concreto. Se realizaron estudios experimentales para medir las propiedades en estado fresco (asentamiento) y endurecido (resistencia a la compresión, resistencia a la tracción por división y densidad). El agregado de arcilla expandida se produjo mediante incineración a una temperatura de 800 a 1 200 °C. Se evaluaron agregados de forma cúbica, ovalada y redonda, con un tamaño máximo de 20 mm. Este estudio también examinó el efecto de los superplastificantes en las propiedades de ingeniería del hormigón ligero. La composición del superplastificante varió de 0 a 2,5 %. De acuerdo con los resultados experimentales, las propiedades de ingeniería del hormigón ligero hecho con formas ovaladas son ventajosas en comparación con los que utilizan formas cúbicas y redondas. También se demuestra que se necesitan cantidades óptimas de superplastificante para desarrollar materiales con propiedades adecuadas. Se puede concluir que el agregado de arcilla expandida se puede utilizar como material alternativo para producir hormigón liviano.
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