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Hydrodeoxygenation of Anisole via Cu supported on Zeolite: HZSM-5, MOR, and Indonesian Activated Natural Zeolite
Hidrodesoxigenación de anisol mediante Cu soportado en zeolita: HZSM-5, MOR y zeolita natural activada de Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.106683Keywords:
acidity, BTX, copper, metal phase, surface area (en)acidez, BTX, cobre, fase metálica, área superficial (es)
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The conversion of biomass waste into an alternative energy source requires effective and efficient hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) catalysts. This research aimed to synthesize a bifunctional zeolite-based catalyst for anisole conversion into BTX. The noble metal Cu was impregnated on HZSM-5, mordenite, and Indonesian activated natural zeolite (ANZ) to form HDO catalysts. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area and pore profile analysis, Fourier transform infrared analysis, ammonia-temperature programmed desorption (NH3-TPD), pyridine gravimetry, morphology, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersion elemental mapping (SEM-EDX) were used to determine the catalyst's properties. The HDO reaction test used anisole as a model compound in a semi-flow reactor with hydrogen gas at 350 and 500 °C for 1 h. Copper nanocrystals were found on the surface of the zeolites in several metal phase types, including Cu, Cu2O, CuO, and Cu(OH)2. Due to the copper bonds inside the zeolite pores, the internal pore surface area decreased. The acidity also decreased since it is strongly related to the surface area. At 350 °C, Cu was found to be less active. However, at 500 °C, copper activity increased, leading to an increase in anisole conversion and BTX selectivity. The catalyst with the highest anisole conversion and BTX selectivity was Cu/HZSM-5 (i.e., 53.28 and 13.06% v, respectively).
La conversión de residuos de biomasa en una fuente de energía alternativa requiere catalizadores de hidrodesoxigenación (HDO) efectivos y eficientes. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo sintetizar un catalizador bifuncional a base de zeolita para la conversión de anisol en BTX. El metal noble Cu se impregnó en HZSM-5, mordenita y zeolita natural activada de Indonesia (ANZ) para formar catalizadores HDO. Se empleó fluorescencia de rayos X (XRF), difracción de rayos X (XRD), análisis de área superficial y del perfil de los poros, análisis infrarrojo por transformada de Fourier, desorción programada a temperatura de amoníaco (NH3-TPD), gravimetría de piridina, morfología y mapeo elemental de dispersión de energía por microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM-EDX) para determinar las propiedades del catalizador. La prueba de reacción HDO utilizó anisol como compuesto modelo en un reactor de semiflujo con gas hidrógeno a 350 y 500 °C durante 1 h. Se encontraron nanocristales de cobre en la superficie de las zeolitas en varios tipos de fases metálicas, incluyendo Cu, Cu2O, CuO y Cu(OH)2. Debido a los enlaces de cobre dentro de los poros de la zeolita, el área de la superficie del poro interno disminuyó. La acidez también se redujo, pues está estrechamente relacionada con la superficie. A 350 °C, se encontró que el Cu era menos activo. Sin embargo, a 500 °C, la actividad del cobre aumentó, lo que provocó un aumento en la conversión de anisol y la selectividad de BTX. El catalizador con la mayor conversión de anisol y selectividad de BTX fue Cu/HZSM-5 (i.e., 53,28 y 13,06% v respectivamente).
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Copyright (c) 2024 Khoirina Nugrahaningtyas, Aji Indo Sabiilagusti, Fitria Rahmawati, Eddy Heraldy, Yuniawan Hidayat
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