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Study of the Fermentation Potential of Eichhornia crassipes Hydrolysate with Water Kefir Tibicos
Estudio del potencial fermentativo del hidrolizado de Eichhornia crassipes con tíbicos de kéfir de agua
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.112442Keywords:
cellulose hydrolysis, cellulase, dextran, kefir tibicos, lactic acid bacteria, yeast (en)hidrólisis de celulosa, celulasa, dextrano, granos de kéfir, bacterias ácido lácticas, levadura (es)
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Eichhornia crassipes is an invasive aquatic plant that reduces oxygen availability, posing a threat to aquatic ecosystems. This was evidenced in the cooling lagoons of the Paipa Thermoelectric Power Plant in Boyacá, Colombia. Due to its low lignin content (~15%), this plant does not require rigorous treatments for utilization, which allows exploring its potential as a precursor in obtaining value-added products while contributing to the conservation of affected aquatic ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth of kefir tibicos in a culture medium with hydrolysates of E. crassipes obtained from sequential and simultaneous pretreatments with cellulase and the inclusion of activated charcoal suspensions, using sucrose as a co-substrate. All processes were monitored with measurements of soluble solids, reducing sugars, acidity, and pH. Finally, the kefir tibicos were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, and the thermal properties of dextran were identified through differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. According to the results, the difference in exopolysaccharide production between the sequential and simultaneous applications of cellulase was less than 10%. However, the inclusion of activated charcoal increased the difference to 22.8% and revealed that insoluble dextran could be applied as a matrix for the in situ immobilization of particles during the microorganism growth stage.
Eichhornia crassipes es una planta acuática invasora que genera disminución en la disponibilidad de oxígeno, representando una amenaza para los ecosistemas acuáticos. Esto se evidenció en las lagunas de enfriamiento de la Central Termoeléctrica de Paipa, en Boyacá, Colombia. Debido a su bajo contenido de lignina (~15 %), esta planta no requiere tratamientos rigurosos para su aprovechamiento, lo que permite explorar su potencial como precursora en la obtención de productos de valor agregado, al tiempo que se contribuye a la conservación de ecosistemas acuáticos afectados. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el crecimiento de tíbicos de kéfir en un medio de cultivo con hidrolizados de E. crassipes, obtenidos a partir de pretratamientos secuenciales y simultáneos con celulasa y de la inclusión de suspensiones de carbón activado, utilizando sacarosa como cosustrato. Todos los procesos se monitorearon con mediciones de sólidos solubles, azúcares reductores, acidez y pH. Por último, los tíbicos fueron caracterizados mediante espectroscopia infrarroja por transformada de Fourier y difracción de rayos X, y se identificaron las propiedades térmicas del dextrano mediante calorimetría diferencial de Barrido y análisis termogravimétrico. De acuerdo con los resultados, la diferencia en la producción de exopolisacárido entre la aplicación secuencial y simultánea de celulasa fue inferior al 10 %. Sin embargo, la inclusión de carbón activado hizo que la diferencia se incrementase hasta 22.8 % y reveló que el dextrano insoluble podría aplicarse como matriz para la inmovilización de partículas in situ en la etapa de crecimiento de los microorganismos.
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