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Effects of Chemical and Mechanical Treatments on the Surface Roughness and Aerodynamic Performance of FDM-Fabricated ABS Airfoils
Efectos de tratamientos químicos y mecánicos en la rugosidad superficial y el desempeño aerodinámico de perfiles aerodinámicos de ABS fabricados por FDM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.113187Keywords:
roughness, wind tunnel, airfoil, surface finishing, fused deposition modeling (en)aspereza, túneles de viento, perfiles aerodinámicos, acabado superficial, modelado por deposición fundida (es)
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Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is a fabrication technology that offers significant advantages for the wind energy industry, particularly in the areas of product design, prototyping, and manufacturing. However, parts produced via FDM often exhibit a relatively rough surface finish due to the intrinsic layer-by-layer process. This study assessed chemical and mechanical treatments aimed at reducing the surface roughness of airfoils fabricated using acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), one of the most widely used polymers in FDM. Surface roughness was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and profilometry. Two chemical treatments were evaluated: acetone immersion and acetone vapor exposure. SEM and profilometry revealed crack formation in samples treated by immersion, while vapor exposure resulted in a significantly smoother finish without cracks. Wind tunnel tests demonstrated a 27% increase in the aerodynamic lift-to-drag ratio for airfoils treated with acetone vapor, indicating an improved aerodynamic performance.
El modelado por deposición fundida (FDM) es una tecnología de fabricación que ofrece ventajas significativas para la industria de la energía eólica, especialmente en el diseño de productos, la creación de prototipos y la manufactura. Sin embargo, las piezas fabricadas mediante FDM suelen presentar un acabado superficial áspero debido al proceso intrínseco de fabricación capa por capa. Este estudio evaluó tratamientos químicos y mecánicos para reducir la rugosidad superficial de perfiles aerodinámicos fabricados con acrilonitrilo-butadieno-estireno (ABS), uno de los polímeros más utilizados en FDM. La rugosidad superficial se caracterizó mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido (SEM) y perfilometría. Se analizaron dos tratamientos químicos: inmersión en acetona y exposición a vapor de acetona. El SEM y la perfilometría revelaron la formación de grietas en las muestras tratadas por inmersión, mientras que la exposición a vapor produjo un acabado significativamente más liso y sin grietas. Pruebas realizadas en un túnel de viento mostraron una mejora del 27 % en la relación sustentación-resistencia para los perfiles tratados con vapor de acetona, indicando un mejor desempeño aerodinámico.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Jose Matamoros, Rafael Mora, Claudia Villareal, Gustavo Richmond-Navarro
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