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The characteristics of oxygen-enriched combustion and perspectives regarding its application in SMEs having high-temperature processes
Características de la combustión con aire enriquecido con oxígeno y perspectivas de aplicación en PYME con procesos de alta temperatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v29n3.15178Keywords:
oxygen-enhanced combustion, SME, rational energy use, developing countries (en)combustión con aire enriquecido con oxígeno, PYME, uso racional de la energía, países en vía de desarrollo (es)
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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) having high temperature processes, such as heat treating and melting, are socially and economically important for developing countries. Consequently, their competitiveness must thus be increased to guarantee their permanence in the market. As these companies are thermal energy intensive, their competitiveness is affected by obsolescence and the low efficiency of older combustion devices, thereby making research necessary and being open to and aware of new technologies. With this aim in mind, a review of the state of the art regarding oxygen-enhanced combustion (OEC) is presented, highlighting its productivity and environmental benefits. A brass melting process in a self-regenerative furnace is shown to account for its potential, in which 28%, 43% and 34% reductions in fuel consumption, process time and CO2 emissions were obtained, respectively, and a 30% increase in efficiency, by increasing the oxygen content in the oxidiser from 21% to 35%. However, increased O2 supply cost constitutes an obstacle to applying this technique in SMEs.
Las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYME) con procesos de alta temperatura, como la fundición y los tratamientos térmicos, son de gran importancia social y económica en los países en vía de desarrollo, siendo necesario aumentar su competitividad para garantizar su permanencia en el mercado. Dado que estas empresas son intensivas en el consumo de energía térmica, su competitividad se ve afectada por la obsolescencia y baja eficiencia de los sistemas de combustión, por lo que es necesaria la investigación y divulgación de nuevas tecnologías. Teniendo esto en mente, se presenta una revisión del estado del arte de la combustión con aire enriquecido con oxígeno (OEC), resaltando sus ventajas ambientales y productivas. Con el objetivo de mostrar su potencial se presenta un caso de aplicación a la fusión de latón en un horno autorregenerativo para el que se obtienen reducciones de consumo de combustible, tiempo de proceso y emisiones contaminantes de CO2 total equivalente del 28, 43 y 34% respectivamente y un incremento del 30% en la eficiencia al aumentar el contenido de O2 en el comburente de 21 a 35%. Sin embargo, el incremento del costo asociado al suministro de O2 representa un obstáculo para la penetración de esta tecnología.
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Copyright (c) 2009 Juan Carlos González Palencia, Andrés Adolfo Amell Arrieta, Francisco Javier Cadavid Sierra
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