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Multidisciplinary teams designing products for aiding disabled people
Equipos multidisciplinares en el diseño de productos de apoyo para personas con discapacidad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v29n3.15198Keywords:
multidisciplinary teams, multicriteria decision-making, AHP, university-enterprise relationships, social inclusion, disability, innovation (en)equipos multidisciplinares, toma de decisiones multicriterio, AHP, relaciones Universidad- empresa, inclusión social, discapacidad, innovación (es)
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The results of applying the AHP multicriteria technique are shown to decide which type of product must be designed to favor disabled people's social inclusion. The study was conducted in Cali where the census reported 8,618 cases of impairment involving alteration in body, hand, leg and arm movements. The aid products were classified under UNE-EN-ISO9999-2007 standard. The AHP multi-criteria technique allows stating and finding the solution to decision-making problems with different decision-makers, criteria and alternatives by handling tangible and intangible information in a structured and simple way. Three organisational actors participated in the study: the university (with different disciplines), a small enterprise and a user. It is worth noting the presence of engineering during this design stage since it has traditionally been relegated to the product materialisation stage, having little interaction with the other disciplines. The best alternative favoring social inclusion was the class of products aiding personal mobility (28.6%. relative importance). It can thus be concluded that multidisciplinary participation broadens how the problem is viewed, disciplines have a partial effect on weighting selection criteria and there is no alignment in the commercial perception of the university and the enterprise in this type of decision-making.
Se presentan los resultados de la aplicación de la técnica de análisis multicriterio AHP para decidir qué clase de productos técnicos de apoyo deben ser diseñados para favorecer la inclusión social de personas en situación de discapacidad. El estudio se realizó en Cali, donde el censo reportó 8.618 casos de discapacidad, con alteración en el movimiento del cuerpo, manos, brazos y piernas. Los productos de apoyo están clasificados dentro la Norma UNE-EN ISO9999:2007. La técnica AHP permite plantear y encontrar la solución de problemas con base en varios criterios, alternativas y decisores, manipulando información tanto de tipo tangible como intangible, en forma estructurada y simple. En el estudio participaron tres actores organizacionales: la Universidad, con varias disciplinas, la pequeña empresa y el usuario. Se destaca la presencia de la ingeniería en esta etapa del diseño, puesto que tradicionalmente ha sido relegada a la etapa de materialización del producto con poca interacción con otras disciplinas. La mejor alternativa fue la clase de productos de apoyo para la movilidad personal, con una importancia relativa del 28,6%. Con los resultados se puede afirmar que la participación multidisciplinar amplía la visión del problema; las disciplinas tienen una parcial incidencia en el peso de los criterios de selección y no existe una alineación en la percepción comercial de la Universidad y de la empresa en este tipo de decisiones.
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Copyright (c) 2009 Jaime Aguilar Zambrano, Leonor Córdoba, Cristian Chamorro, Norah Hurtado, Andrés Valencia, Manuel Valencia, Mª C. González Cruz
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