Embankment loading analysis in laboratory conditions
Terraplén análisis de carga bajo condiciones de laboratorio
Keywords:
Embankment, modelling, stability, shaking table, nonlinear liquefaction. (en)Embankment, modelling, stability, shaking table, nonlinear liquefaction (es)
The embankment model has been developed in laboratory conditions, considering actual embankment characteristics. The forces to which it is subjected in the model have been evaluated using shaking table experimental and analytical methods. Excess pore water pressure is measured through pore pressure sensors in the shaking table experiment and embankment stability has been assessed using analytical methods. The results revealed that the embankment suffered nonlinear collapse during increasing pore water pressure, and shaking table dynamic force on the embankment model was very sensitive but was open to failure mitigation. Embankment seismic simulation using shaking table experiments helped identify model stability. The embankment and subsoil pore water pressure theoretical and experimental analysis concluded that nonlinear liquefaction characteristics played a major role in model behaviour.
References
Chang, M., Kuo, Ch-P., Shau, Sh-H., Hsu, R-E., Comparison of SPT-N-based analysis methods in evaluation of liquefaction potential during the 1999 Chi-chi earthquake in Taiwan., Computers and Geotechnics, 38, (3), 2011, pp. 393-406.
Chang, W. J., Evaluation of undrained shear strains in multidirectional horizontal shaking., Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 31, (7), 2011, pp. 906-920
Chen, J., Shi. X., Li, J., Shaking table test of utility tunnel under non-uniform earthquake wave excitation., Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 30, (11), 2010, pp. 1400-1416.
Ha, I-K., Olson, S. M., Seo, M-W., Kim, M-M., Evaluation of reliquefaction resistance using shaking table tests., Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 31, (4), 2011, pp. 682-691.
Heidari, T., Andrus, R. D., Mapping liquefaction potential of aged soil deposits in Mount Pleasant., South Carolina Engineering Geology, 112, (1), 2010, pp. 1-12
Hwang, J.H., Yang, C.W., Chen, C.H., Investigations on soil liquefaction during the Chi-Chi earthquake., Soils Found, 43 (6), 2003, pp. 107-123.
Ishihara, K., Yoshimine, M., Evaluation of settlements in sand deposits following liquefaction during earthquakes., Soils Found, 32 (1), 1992, pp. 173-188.
Jafarzadeh, F., Yanagisawa, E., Settlement of sand models under unidirectional shaking., In: Proceedings of the first international conference on earthquake and geotechnical engineering, IS-Tokyo ‘95, (2), 1995, pp. 693-8.
Kanatani, M., Nishi, K., Touma, J., Large shake table tests of saturated sand layer and numerical simulations by nonlinear analysis method., In: Proceedings of the first international conference on earthquake and geotechnical engineering, IS-Tokyo'95, (2), 1995, pp. 705-10.
Lee, K.Z.Z., Chang, N.Y., Ko, H.Y., Numerical simulation of geosynthetic-reinforced soil walls under seismic shaking., Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 28, (4), 2010, pp. 317-334.
Lee, Y-F., Chi, Y-Y., Juang, C. H., Lee, D-H., Annual probability and return period of soil liquefaction in Yuanlin., Taiwan attributed to Chelungpu Fault and Changhua Fault Engineering Geology, 114, (3-4), 2010, pp. 343-353.
Namdar A., Seismic Evaluation of Sandy Embankment Model., Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Jassy, Universitatea Tehnică, Gheorghe Asachi, din Iasi, Tomul LV (LIX), Fasc. 3, 2005, pp. 39-52.
Samui, P., Kim, D., Sitharam, T.G., Support vector machine for evaluating seismic-liquefaction potential using shear wave velocity., Journal of Applied Geophysics, 73, (1), 2011, pp. 8-15.
Shahir, H., Pak, A., Estimating liquefaction-induced settlement of shallow foundations by numerical approach., Computers and Geotechnics, 37, (3), 2010, pp. 267-279.
Tu, Y-H., Chuang, T-H., Liu, P-M., Yang, Y-S., Out-of-plane shaking table tests on unreinforced masonry panels in RC frames., Engineering Structures, 32, (12), 2010, pp 3925- 3935.
Ueng, T.S., Wu, C.W., Cheng, H.W., Chen, C.H., Settlements of saturated clean sand deposits in shaking table tests., Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 30, (2), 2010, pp. 50-60.
Van Laak, P.A., Taboada, V.M., Dobry, R., Elgamal, A.W., Earthquake centrifuge modeling using a laminar box., In: R.J. Ebelhar, V.P. Drnevich and B.L. Kutter, Editors, Dynamic geotechnical testing II, ASTM STP 1213, ASTM International, 1994, pp. 370-384.
Wei, Y-Ch., Lee, Ch-J., Hung, W-Y., Chen, H-T., Application of Hilbert-Huang transform to characterize soil liquefaction and quay wall seismic responses modeled in centrifuge shaking-table tests., Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 30, (7), 2010, pp. 614-629.
Wang, Z., Lu, Y., Bai, Ch., Numerical simulation of explosion-induced soil liquefaction and its effect on surface structures., Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 47, (9), 2011, pp. 1079-1090.
Yoshida, N., Finn, W.D.L., Simulation of liquefaction beneath an impermeable surface layer., Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng., 19 2000, pp. 333-338.
License
Copyright (c) 2011 Abdoullah Namda, Azam Khodashenas Pelko

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors or holders of the copyright for each article hereby confer exclusive, limited and free authorization on the Universidad Nacional de Colombia's journal Ingeniería e Investigación concerning the aforementioned article which, once it has been evaluated and approved, will be submitted for publication, in line with the following items:
1. The version which has been corrected according to the evaluators' suggestions will be remitted and it will be made clear whether the aforementioned article is an unedited document regarding which the rights to be authorized are held and total responsibility will be assumed by the authors for the content of the work being submitted to Ingeniería e Investigación, the Universidad Nacional de Colombia and third-parties;
2. The authorization conferred on the journal will come into force from the date on which it is included in the respective volume and issue of Ingeniería e Investigación in the Open Journal Systems and on the journal's main page (https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ingeinv), as well as in different databases and indices in which the publication is indexed;
3. The authors authorize the Universidad Nacional de Colombia's journal Ingeniería e Investigación to publish the document in whatever required format (printed, digital, electronic or whatsoever known or yet to be discovered form) and authorize Ingeniería e Investigación to include the work in any indices and/or search engines deemed necessary for promoting its diffusion;
4. The authors accept that such authorization is given free of charge and they, therefore, waive any right to receive remuneration from the publication, distribution, public communication and any use whatsoever referred to in the terms of this authorization.









