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Recommendations for grounding systems in lightning protection systems
Recomendaciones para el diseño de la puesta a tierra en los sistemas de protección contra rayos
Keywords:
method of moments, hybrid electromagnetic method, grounding configuration, grounding impedance, transient voltage (en)Método de momentos, método electromagnético híbrido, configuraciones de puesta a tierra, impedancia de puesta a tierra, tensión transitoria (es)
This paper presents some practical recommendations for designing grounding systems as part of an integral protection system against lightning strikes. These recommendations are made taking into account the results of academic software whose development was based on hybrid electromagnetic method and the method of moments. This paper presents the results of impedance and transient voltage for triangle, wye, counterpoises and mesh configurations. Some recommendation are made concerning the use and characteristics of earth electrodes, for example effective counterpoise length, where to locate grounding rods, where to connect down conductors in a mesh and the potential difference between points on the same grounding electrodes. These recommendations guide a systems' designer to ensure greater benefit from grounding setups without wasting money.
Este artículo presenta algunas recomendaciones prácticas para el diseño del sistema de puesta a tierra, el cual hace parte del sistema integral de protección contra rayos. Estas recomendaciones son el resultado de los análisis de un software académico que se basa en el método electromagnético híbrido en conjunto con el método de momentos. Se muestran los resultados de la impedancia y la tensión transitoria para configuraciones como: triángulo, estrella de tres puntas, contrapesos y mallas. A partir de los resultados, se definen la aplicación y las características de las diferentes configuraciones, como por ejemplo: longitud efectiva de los contrapesos, lugares dónde localizar las varillas, lugares en los cuales conectar las bajantes a las mallas y las diferencias de potencial entre puntos de una misma puesta a tierra. Estas recomendaciones guían al diseñador para obtener beneficios de las diversas configuraciones sin desperdiciar dinero.
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References
Casas, F. (ed), Tierras, soporte de la Seguridad Eléctrica, 4a ed., 2008.
Grcev, L., More Accurate Modeling of Earthing Systems Transient Behavior, 15th Telecommunication Energy Conference, INTELEC, vol. 2, pp. 167-173, 1993.
IEEE Std. 62305, Protection against Lightning Part I, II, III.
Montaña, J., Grounding system, Soil electric parameters variation with frequency and software for computing transient voltages, Thesys, National University of Colombia, Doctor of Philosophy, 2006a.
Montaña, J., Montanyá J., et al, Quasi-static approximation of concentrated ground electrodes: experimental results, 28th International Conference on lightning protection, ICLP, Kanasawa - Japan, 2006b.
PCB-MoM Software Manuals, A method of Moment Program for Radiated Emission and Susceptibility Analysis of Printed Circuit Board.
Valencia, J., Moreno, G., Modelación de puestas a tierra para evolución de sobretensiones transitorias, Congreso Iberoamericano de Alta Tensión y Asilamiento Eléctrico, ALTAE, 2003.7
Visacro, S.F., Modeling of earthing systems for lightning protection application, including propagation effects, 21st International Conference on lightning protection, ICLP, Berlin - Germany, 1992a.
Visacro, S.F., Modelagem de Aterramentos Eléctricos, Thesys, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro - Brazil, Doctor of Philosophy, 1992b.
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Copyright (c) 2011 Johny Montaña
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