Published
The influence of transformers, induction motors and fault resistance regarding propagation voltage sags
Propagación de Huecos de Tensión: La influencia de transformadores, motores de inducción y resistencias de falla en relación con la propagación de huecos de tensión
Keywords:
Power quality, voltage sag propagation, voltage dip causes, transformer connection (en)Calidad de la energía eléctrica, propagación de huecos de tensión, causas de huecos de tensión, conexión de transformadores (es)
This article presents an analysis of voltage sag propagation. The ATPDraw tool was selected for simulating the IEEE 34 node test feeder. It takes into account both voltage sags caused by electrical fault network, as well as voltage sag propagation characteristics caused by induction motor starting and transformer energising. The analysis was aimed at assessing the influence of transformer winding connections, the impedance of these transformers, lines and cables, summarising the effects on disturbance magnitude and phase. The study shows that the influence of an induction motor on voltage sag propagation results in increased voltage sag severity. Voltage sags caused by induction motor starting and transformer energising have no zero-sequence component, so they are only affected by type 3 transformers. The influence of fault resistance on voltage sag magnitude and phase characteristics is examined and some aspects of interest in characterising these electromagnetic disturbances is identified.
En este artículo se presenta el análisis de la propagación de huecos de tensión utilizando como herramienta de simulación el ATPDraw y seleccionando como caso de prueba el IEEE 34 Node Test Feeder. Se tienen en cuenta tanto huecos de tensión originados por fallas de red, como también las características de propagación de huecos de tensión originados por el arranque de motores de inducción y por la energización de transformadores. Se analiza la influencia de la conexión de los devanados de los transformadores, las impedancias de los mismos transformadores, de las líneas y de los cables, sintetizando los efectos sobre la magnitud y fase de la perturbación eléctrica. Como resultados importantes del trabajo se demuestra que la influencia del motor de inducción en la propagación de huecos de tensión resulta en un aumento en la severidad del hueco de tensión en sus terminales, como una respuesta de la máquina para mantener sus condiciones de operación prefalla. Adicionalmente, los huecos de tensión causados por el arranque de motores de inducción y por la energización de transformadores no tienen componente de secuencia cero, por lo cual son afectados únicamente por los transformadores tipo-3. Se demuestra la influencia de las resistencias de falla en las características de magnitud y fase de los huecos de tensión, aspecto que resulta de interés en las caracterizaciones de huecos de tensión.
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