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Obtaining superfine ethanol in a Cuban distillery
Obtención de alcohol extrafino en una destilería cubana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v32n3.35940Keywords:
Superfine ethanol, molasses, profitability (en)Alcohol extrafino, miel, rentabilidad (es)
This paper describes obtaining superfine ethanol in a Cuban distillery from molasses as base raw material. The operational characteristics of the main stages for obtaining superfine alcohol have been described, emphasising alcohol fermentation due to its complexity in achieving process continuity; a Gantt chart led to determining a 31-hour process time and 5-hour cycle time. The influence of fermentation yield on process profitability was determined through mass and energy balances, demonstrating that a 4ºGL degree of alcohol was feasible. The main water-consuming elements were also determined (98% in molasses dilution) as well as steam consumption (91% during distillation). A preliminary analysis was made of the opportunities provided by material and energy integration, mainly for distillation, contributing towards a positive environmental impact.
En el presente trabajo se presenta un análisis global del proceso de alcohol extrafino en una destilería cubana, que parte de miel final como materia prima. Se realiza un análisis de las características operacionales de las principales etapas del proceso de obtención de alcohol extrafino y se hace énfasis en la fermentación alcohólica, dada su complejidad a la hora de mantener la continuidad del proceso que permite determinar, mediante el empleo del diagrama de Gantt, que el tiempo total del proceso es de 31 horas y el tiempo del ciclo es de 5 horas. Por medio de los balances de masa y energía se determina la influencia del rendimiento de la fermentación en la rentabilidad del proceso y se demuestra que es factible para un grado alcohólico por encima de 4 ºGL. Se determina, además, la incidencia de los principales consumidores de agua, demostrando que el 98% es consumido en dilución del mosto, así como los consumos de vapor dentro del proceso, en los que el 91% corresponde a la etapa de destilación. Se hace un análisis preliminar de las oportunidades de integración material y energética tanto existentes, sobre todo en la etapa de destilación, como aquellas que se pueden realizar con plantas aledañas, contribuyendo a un impacto ambiental positivo.
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References
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Copyright (c) 2012 Yailet Albernas Carvajal, Meilyn González, Gabriela Corsano, Erenio González
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