Published
Ceramic bricks made from municipal solid waste incineration-derived clay and ashes: a quality study
Estudio de calidad de ladrillos cerámicos producidos con mezclas de arcilla y cenizas de incineración de residuos sólidos municipales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v33n2.39515Keywords:
brick, incineration, co-firing, municipal solid waste, volatile ash, encapsulation (en)Ladrillos, Incineración, Co-encendido, Residuos Sólidos Municipales, Cenizas Volátiles, Encapsulación (es)
This paper presents analytical data from tests on bricks made from different clay/ash mixtures. The ashes used were obtained from a Hoffmann-type brick-making furnace equipped for coal and municipal solid waste co-firing. The bricks were physically and chemically characterised and their quality was determined by porosimetry, water absorption, breaking load and tensile strength tests. Brick loading capacity increased by up to 10% with ash mixtures and decreased at higher percentages, whereas water absorption increased brick loading capacity for all mixtures. This study showed that clay/ash bricks complied with all the quality standards required in Colombia.
Se presentan los resultados de pruebas analíticas realizadas en ladrillos fabricados a partir de diferentes mezclas de arcilla y ceniza. Las cenizas fueron obtenidas de un horno ladrillero tipo Hoffman equipado para coincinerar carbón y residuos sólidos municipales. Las muestras fueron caracterizadas física y químicamente y su calidad se determinó a través de pruebas de porosimetría, absorción y esfuerzo de tensión y de ruptura. La capacidad portante de los ladrillos aumenta con contenidos de ceniza hasta del 10% y decrece en proporciones mayores. La absorción de agua es superior para todas las combinaciones de mezcla. Este estudio reporta que ladrillos elaborados utilizando mezclas arcilla/ceniza cumplen con todos los requisitos de calidad exigidos en Colombia.
References
ACIS, ASOCIACION COLOMBIANA DE INGENIERIA SISMICA., Normas colombianas de diseño y construcción sismo resistente Decreto 926, 2010 (NSR10).
Abdrakhimov, V. Z., Abdrakhimova, E. S., Ecological aspects of the use of light ash fraction and nonferrous metallurgy waste in the production of acid-resistant brick., Refractories and Industrial Ceramics, Vol. 52, No. 3, 2011, pp. 231-234.
Anastasiadou, K., Christopoulos, K., Mousios, E., Gidarakos, E., Solidification/stabilization of fly and bottom ash from medical waste incineration facility., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 207-208, 2012, pp. 165-170.
Akhtar, J. N., Alam, J., Akhtar M. N., Bricks with total replacement of clay by fly ash mixed with different materials., International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (IJEST), Vol. 3 No. 10, 2011, pp. 7338-7346.
ASTM Standard C4302., Standard terminology of structural clay products., ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2008, DOI: 10.1520/C0043-08, www.astm.org.
ASTM Standard C 216., Facing brick (solid masonry units made from clay or shale)., ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2002, DOI: 10.1520/C0216-07A www.astm.org.
Chih-Huang, W., Deng-Fong, L., Pen-Chi, Ch., Utilization of sludge as brick materials., Advances in Environmental Research, Vol. 7, 2003, pp. 679-685.
Departamento Técnico Administrativo del Medio Ambiente de Bogotá - DAMA., Resolución 391, 2001 y Ministerio del Medio Ambiente, Reglamento Técnico del Sector de Agua Potable y Saneamiento Básico y Decreto 058, 2002.
Dyer, J. R., Applications of absorption spectroscopy of organic compounds., Englewood Cliffs, New York, Prentice Hall, 1965.
Freyburg, S., Schwarz, A., Influence of the clay type on the pore structure of structural ceramic., Journal of the European Ceramic Society, Vol. 27, 2007, pp. 1727-1733.
García, C. A., Co-incineración de residuos sólidos con alto contenido de humedad en hornos ladrilleros de tipo continuo: Estudio de la estabilización de las cenizas en las arcillas utilizadas en el proceso., a PhD thesis presented at the Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, 2007.
García, C. A., Sánchez, F., Moreno, J. C., Simulation and flow analysis for a brick furnace., Electronic Journal of Environmental, Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 5, No. 5, 2006, pp. 1500-1508.
García-Ubaque, C. A., Moreno-Piraján, J. C., Giraldo-Gutiérrez, L., Sapag, K., Stabilization/solidification of ashes in clays used in manufacturing of ceramic bricks., Waste Management & Research, Vol. 25, No. 4, 2007, pp. 352-362.
Haiying, Z., Youcai, Z., Jingyu, Q., Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash in ceramic brick: product characterization and environmental toxicity., Waste Management, Vol. 31, No. 2, 2011, pp. 331-341.
ICONTEC, INSTITUTO COLOMBIANO DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS Y CERTIFICACIÓN. Ingeniería Civil y Arquitectura. Método de muestreo y ensayo para ladillos cerámicos., 1997, pp. 28 (NTC 4017).
Kouakou, C. H., Morel, J. C., Strength and elasto-plastic properties of non-industrial building materials manufactured with clay as a natural binder., Applied Clay Science, Vol. 44, 2009, pp. 27-34.
Kumar, S., Kumar, V., Mudgal, M., Morchhale, R. K., Bansal, M. C., Utilization of concentrate of membrane filtration of bleach plant effluent in brick production., Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 184, No. 1-3, 2010, pp. 585-590.
La Grega, M. D., Buckingham, P. L., Evans, J. C., Hazardous Waste Management., New York, McGraw Hill Inc (ed), 1994.
Lingling, X., Wei, G., et al., Study on Fired Bricks with Replacing Clay by Fly Ash in High Volume Ratio., Construction and building materials, Vol. 19, 2005, pp. 243-247.
Maritan, L., Nodari, L., Mazzoli, C., Milano, A., Russo, U., Influence of firing conditions on ceramic products: Experimental study on clay rich organic matter., Appl. Clay Sci, Vol. 31, 2006, pp. 1-15.
Pérez-Villarejo, L., Eliche-Quesada, D., Iglesias-Godino, F. J., Martínez-García, C., Corpas-Iglesias, F. A., Recycling of ash from biomass incinerator in clay matrix to produce ceramic bricks., Journal of Environmental
Management, Vol. 95, Supplement, 2012, pp. S349-S354.
Raimondo, M., Pondi, M., Mazzanti, F., Stefanizzi, P., Bondi, P., Equilibrium moisture contents of clay bricks: the influence of the porous structure., Building and Environment, Vol. 42, 2007, pp. 926-932.
Raut, S. P., Ralegaonkar, R. V., Mandavgane, S. A., Development of sustainable construction material using industrial and agricultural solid waste: A review of waste-create bricks., Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 25, No. 10, 2011, pp. 4037-4042.
Raut, S. P., Ralegaonkar, R. V., Mandavgane, S. A., Utilization of recycle paper mill residue and rice husk ash in production of light weight bricks., Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2013, pp. 269-275.
Sun, D. D., Chang, L., et al., Recovery and marine clay stabilization of heavy metals present in spent hydro treating catalysts., Journal of Environmental Engineering, Vol. 127, 2001, pp. 916.
Vijayaraghavan, C., James, J., Marithangam, S., Cost effective bricks in construction: a performance study., International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, Vol. 4, No. 3, 2009, pp. 227-334.
Xu, L., Guo, W., Wang, T., Yang, N., Study on fired bricks with replacing clay by fly ash in high volume ratio., Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 19, 2005, pp. 243-247.
Dimensions
PlumX
Article abstract page views
Downloads
How to Cite
License
Copyright (c) 2013 César Augusto García Ubaque, Andrés González Hässig, Martha Lucía Vaca Bohórquez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors or holders of the copyright for each article hereby confer exclusive, limited and free authorization on the Universidad Nacional de Colombia's journal Ingeniería e Investigación concerning the aforementioned article which, once it has been evaluated and approved, will be submitted for publication, in line with the following items:
1. The version which has been corrected according to the evaluators' suggestions will be remitted and it will be made clear whether the aforementioned article is an unedited document regarding which the rights to be authorized are held and total responsibility will be assumed by the authors for the content of the work being submitted to Ingeniería e Investigación, the Universidad Nacional de Colombia and third-parties;
2. The authorization conferred on the journal will come into force from the date on which it is included in the respective volume and issue of Ingeniería e Investigación in the Open Journal Systems and on the journal's main page (https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ingeinv), as well as in different databases and indices in which the publication is indexed;
3. The authors authorize the Universidad Nacional de Colombia's journal Ingeniería e Investigación to publish the document in whatever required format (printed, digital, electronic or whatsoever known or yet to be discovered form) and authorize Ingeniería e Investigación to include the work in any indices and/or search engines deemed necessary for promoting its diffusion;
4. The authors accept that such authorization is given free of charge and they, therefore, waive any right to receive remuneration from the publication, distribution, public communication and any use whatsoever referred to in the terms of this authorization.
